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#!/usr/bin/perl # Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or # modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public # License as published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 # of the License. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU # Library General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public # License along with this library; if not, write to the Free # Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, # MA 02110-1335 USA # **************************** package MySQLaccess; #use strict; use File::Temp qw(tempfile tmpnam); use Fcntl; BEGIN { # **************************** # static information... $VERSION = "2.10, 13 Sep 2019"; $0 =~ m%/([^/]+)$%o; $script = $1; $script = 'MySQLAccess' unless $script; $script_conf = "$script.conf"; $script_log = $ENV{'HOME'}."/$script.log"; warn "$0: Deprecated program name. It will be removed in a future release, use 'mariadb-access' instead\n" if $0 =~ m/mysqlaccess$/; # **************************** # information on MariaDB $MYSQL = '/usr/bin/mariadb'; # path to mariadb executable $SERVER = '3.21'; $MYSQL_OPT = ' --batch --unbuffered'; $ACCESS_DB = 'mysql'; # name of DB with grant-tables $ACCESS_H = 'host'; # $ACCESS_U = 'user'; # $ACCESS_D = 'db'; # # Add/Edit privileges $ACCESS_H_TMP = 'host_tmp'; $ACCESS_U_TMP = 'user_tmp'; $ACCESS_D_TMP = 'db_tmp'; $ACCESS_H_BCK = 'host_backup'; $ACCESS_U_BCK = 'user_backup'; $ACCESS_D_BCK = 'db_backup'; $DIFF = '/usr/bin/diff'; $MYSQLDUMP = '/usr/bin/mariadb-dump'; #path to mariadb-dump executable $MYSQLADMIN= 'http://foobar.com/MySQLadmin'; #URL of CGI for manipulating #the temporary grant-tables } END { unlink $MYSQL_CNF if defined $MYSQL_CNF and not $DEBUG; } $INFO = <<"_INFO"; -------------------------------------------------------------------------- mysqlaccess (Version $VERSION) ~~~~~~~~~~~ Copyright (C) 1997,1998 Yves.Carlier\@rug.ac.be University of Ghent (RUG), Belgium Administratieve Informatieverwerking (AIV) report the access-privileges for a USER from a HOST to a DB Many thanks go to <monty\@mysql.com> and <psmith\@BayNetworks.COM> for their suggestions, debugging and patches. use `$script -?' to get more information on available options. From version 2.0x, $script can also be used through a WEB-browser if it is ran as a CGI-script. (See the release-notes) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- _INFO $OPTIONS = <<_OPTIONS; Usage: $script [host [user [db]]] OPTIONS -?, --help display this helpscreen and exit -v, --version print information on the program `$script' -u, --user=# username for logging in to the db -p, --password=# validate password for user -h, --host=# name or IP-number of the host -d, --db=# name of the database -U, --superuser=# connect as superuser -P, --spassword=# password for superuser -H, --rhost=# remote MariaDB-server to connect to --old_server connect to old MariaDB-server (before v3.21) which does not yet know how to handle full where clauses. -b, --brief single-line tabular report -t, --table report in table-format --relnotes print release-notes --plan print suggestions/ideas for future releases --howto some examples of how to run `$script' --debug=N enter debuglevel N (0..3) --copy reload temporary grant-tables from original ones --preview show differences in privileges after making changes in (temporary) grant-tables --commit copy grant-rules from temporary tables to grant-tables (!don't forget to do an mysqladmin reload) --rollback undo the last changes to the grant-tables. Note: At least the user and the db must be given (even with wildcards) If no host is given, `localhost' is assumed Wilcards (*,?,%,_) are allowed for host, user and db, but be sure to escape them from your shell!! (ie type \\* or '*') _OPTIONS $RELEASE = <<'_RELEASE'; Release Notes: ------------- 0.1-beta1: internal - first trial. 0.1-beta2: (1997-02-27) - complete rewrite of the granting-rules, based on the documentation found in de FAQ. - IP-number and name for a host are equiv. 0.1-beta3: (1997-03-10) - more information - 'localhost' and the name/ip of the local machine are now equiv. 0.1-beta4: (1997-03-11) - inform the user if he has not enough priv. to read the mysql db 1.0-beta1: (1997-03-12) suggestions by Monty: - connect as superuser with superpassword. - mysqlaccess could also notice if all tables are empty. This means that all user have full access! - It would be nice if one could optionally start mysqlaccess without any options just the arguments 'user db' or 'host user db', where host is 'localhost' if one uses only two arguments. 1.0-beta2: (1997-03-14) - bugfix: translation to reg.expr of \_ and \%. - bugfix: error in matching regular expression and string given by user which resulted in 'test_123' being matched with 'test' 1.0-beta3: (1997-03-14) - bugfix: the user-field should not be treated as a sql-regexpr, but as a plain string. - bugfix: the host-table should not be used if the host isn't empty in db or if the host isn't emty in user (Monty) 1.0-beta4: (1997-03-14) - bugfix: in an expression "$i = $j or $k", the '=' binds tighter than the or which results in problems... (by Monty) - running mysqlaccess with "perl -w" gives less warnings... ;-) 1.0-beta5: (1997-04-04) - bugfix: The table sorting was only being applied to the "user" table; all the tables need to be sorted. Rewrote the sort algorithm, and the table walk algorithm (no temp file anymore), and various other cleanups. I believe the access calculation is 100% correct. (by Paul D. Smith <psmith\@baynetworks.com>) - Allow the debug level to be set on the cmd line with --debug=N. (by Paul D. Smith <psmith\@baynetworks.com>) - More -w cleanups; should be totally -w-clean. (by Paul D. Smith <psmith\@baynetworks.com>) 1.1-beta1: (1997-04-xx) 1.1-beta2: (1997-04-11) - new options: --all_users : report access-rights for all possible users --all_dbs : report access-rights for all possible dbs --all_hosts : report access-rights for all possible hosts --brief : as brief as possible, don't mention notes,warnings and rules --password : validate password for user - layout: long messages are wrapped on the report. - functionality: more descriptive notes and warnings wildcards (*,?) are allowed in the user,host and db options setting xxxx=* is equiv to using option --all_xxxx note: make sure you escape your wildcards, so they don't get interpreted by the shell. use \* or '*' - bugfix: Fieldnames which should be skipped on the output can now have a first capital letter. - bugfix: any option with a '.' (eg ip-number) was interpreted as a wildcard-expression. - bugfix: When no entry was found in the db-table, the default accessrights are N, instead of the faulty Y in a previous version. 1.1-beta-3 : (1997-04-xx) 1.1-beta-4 : (1997-04-xx) 1.1-beta-5 : (1997-04-xx) 1.1 : (1997-04-28) - new options: --rhost : name of mysql-server to connect to --plan : print suggestions/ideas for future releases --relnotes : display release-notes --howto : display examples on how to use mysqlaccess --brief : single-line tabular output - functionality/bugfix: * removed options --all_users,--all_dbs,--all_hosts, which were redundant with the wildcard-expressions for the corresponding options. They made the processing of the commandline too painful and confusing ;-) (suggested by psmith) * redefined the option --brief, which now gives a single-line tabular output * Now we check if the right version of the mysql-client is used, since we might use an option not yet implemented in an older version (--unbuffered, since 3.0.18) Also the error-messages the mysql-client reports are better interpreted ;-) * Wildcards can now be given following the SQL-expression (%,_) and the Regular-expression (*,?) syntax. - speed: we now open a bidirectional pipe to the mysql-client, and keep it open throughout the whole run. Queries are written to, and the answers read from the pipe. (suggested by monty) - bugfixes: * the Rules were not properly reset over iterations * when in different tables the field-names were not identical, eg. Select_priv and select_priv, they were considered as definitions of 2 different access-rights. * the IP-number of a host with a name containing wildcards should not be searched for in Name2IP and IP2Name. * various other small things, pointed out by <monty> and <psmith> 1.2 : (1997-05-13) - bugfix: * Fixed bug in acl with anonymous user: Now if one gets accepted by the user table as a empty user name, the user name is set to '' when checking against the 'db' and 'host' tables. (Bug fixed in MySQL3.20.19) 1.2-1 : (1997-xx-xx) - bugfix: * hashes should be initialized with () instead of {} <psmith> * "my" variable $name masks earlier declaration in same scope, using perl 5.004 <????> 1.2-2 : (1997-06-10) 2.0p1-3 : (1997-10-xx) - new * packages * log-file for debug-output : /tmp/mysqlaccess.log * default values are read from a configuration file $script.conf first this file is looked for in the current directory; if not found it is looked for in /etc Note that when default-values are given, these can't get overridden by empty (blanc) values! * CGI-BIN version with HTML and forms interface. Simply place the script in an ScriptAliased directory, make the configuration file available in the that directory or in /etc, and point your browser to the right URL. * copy the grant-rules to temporary tables, where you are safe to play with them. * preview changes in privileges after changing grant-rules, before taking them into production * copy the new grant-rules from the temporary tables back to the grant-tables. * Undo all changes made in the grant-tables (1-level undo). -new options: * --table : as opposite of the --brief option. * --copy : (re)load temporary grant-tables from original ones. * --preview : preview changes in privileges after changing some or more entries in the grant-tables. * --commit : copy grant-rules from temporary tables to grant-tables (!don't forget to do an mysqladmin reload) * --rollback: undo the last changes to the grant-tables. - bugfix: * if the table db is empty, mysqlaccess freezed (by X Zhu <X.Zhu@Bradford.ac.uk>) 2.0 : (1997-10-09) - fixed some "-w" warnings. - complain when certain programs and paths can't be found. 2.01 : (1997-12-12) - bugfix: * rules for db-table where not calculated and reported correctly. 2.02 : (1998-01-xx) - bugfix: * Privileges of the user-table were not AND-ed properly with the other privileges. (reported by monty) - new option: * --old_server: mysqlaccess will now use a full where clause when retrieving information from the MySQL-server. If you are connecting to an old server (before v3.21) then use the option --old_server. 2.03 : (1998-02-27) - bugfix: * in Host::MatchTemplate: incorrect match if host-field was left empty. 2.04-alpha1 : (2000-02-11) Closes vulnerability due to former implementation requiring passwords to be passed on the command line. - functionality Option values for --password -p -spassword -P may now be omitted from command line, in which case the values will be prompted for. (fix supplied by Steve Harvey <sgh@vex.net>) 2.05: (2000-02-17) Monty Moved the log file from /tmp to ~ 2.06: Don't print '+++USING FULL WHERE CLAUSE+++' _RELEASE $TODO = <<_TODO; Plans: ----- -a full where clause is use now. How can we handle older servers? -add some more functionality for DNS. -select the warnings more carefuly. >> I think that the warnings should either be enhanced to _really_ >> understand and report real problems accurately, or restricted to >> only printing things that it knows with 100% certainty. <psmith) >> Why do I have both '%' and 'any_other_host' in there? Isn't that >> the same thing? I think it's because I have an actual host '%' in >> one of my tables. Probably the script should catch that and not >> duplicate output. <psmith> _TODO # From the FAQ: the Grant-algorithm # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ # The host table is mainly to maintain a list of "secure" servers. # At TCX hosts contain a list of all machines on local network. These are granted # all privileges. # Technically the user grant is calculated by: # # 1.First sort all entries by host by putting host without wildcards first, # after this host with wildcards and entries with host = ". # Under each host sort user by the same criterias. # 2.Get grant for user from the "db" table. # 3.If hostname is "empty" for the found entry, AND the privileges with # the privileges for the host in "host" table. # (Remove all which is not "Y" in both) # 4.OR (add) the privileges for the user from the "user" table. # (add all privileges which is "Y" in "user") # # When matching, use the first found match. # # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $HOWTO = <<_HOWTO; Examples of how to call $script: ~~~~~~~~ 1)Calling $script with 2 arguments: \$ $script root mysql ->report rights of user root logged on at the local host in db mysql Access-rights for USER 'root', from HOST 'localhost', to DB 'mysql' +-----------------+---+ +-----------------+---+ | select_priv | Y | | drop_priv | Y | | insert_priv | Y | | reload_priv | Y | | update_priv | Y | | shutdown_priv | Y | | delete_priv | Y | | process_priv | Y | | create_priv | Y | | file_priv | Y | +-----------------+---+ +-----------------+---+ BEWARE: Everybody can access your DB as user 'root' : WITHOUT supplying a password. Be very careful about it!! The following rules are used: db : 'No matching rule' host : 'Not processed: host-field is not empty in db-table.' user : 'localhost','root','','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y' 2)Calling $script with 3 arguments: \$ $script foo.bar nobody Foo ->report rights of user root logged in at machine foobar to db Foo Access-rights for USER 'nobody', from HOST 'foo.bar', to DB 'Foo' +-----------------+---+ +-----------------+---+ | select_priv | Y | | drop_priv | N | | insert_priv | Y | | reload_priv | N | | update_priv | Y | | shutdown_priv | N | | delete_priv | Y | | process_priv | N | | create_priv | N | | file_priv | N | +-----------------+---+ +-----------------+---+ BEWARE: Everybody can access your DB as user 'nobody' : WITHOUT supplying a password. Be very careful about it!! The following rules are used: db : 'foo.bar','Foo','nobody','Y','Y','Y','N','N','N' host : 'Not processed: host-field is not empty in db-table.' user : 'foo.bar','nobody','','N','N','N','Y','N','N','N','N','N','N' 3)Using wildcards: \$ $script \\* nobody Foo --brief ->report access-rights of user nobody from all machines to db Foo, and use a matrix-report. Sel Ins Upd Del Crea Drop Reld Shut Proc File Host,User,DB ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- -------------------- Y Y Y Y N N N N N N localhost,nobody,Foo N N N N N N N N N N %,nobody,Foo N N N N N N N N N N any_other_host,nobody,Foo _HOWTO # +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ # # START OF THE PROGRAM # # +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ # use Getopt::Long; use Sys::Hostname; use IPC::Open3; # **************************** # debugging flag # can be set to 0,1,2,3 # a higher value gives more info # ! this can also be set on the command-line $DEBUG = 0; # ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>8 # Normally nothing should be changed beneeth this line # **************************** # no caching on STDOUT $|=1; $MYSQL_CNF = tmpnam(); %MYSQL_CNF = (client => { }, mysql => { }, mysqldump => { }, ); $NEW_USER = 'ANY_NEW_USER'; $NEW_DB = 'ANY_NEW_DB' ; # %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% # # mysqlaccess: # # ~~~~~~~~~~~ # # Lets get to it, # # and start the program by processing the parameters # # %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% # ($CMD,$CGI) = GetMode(); # **************************** # the copyright message should # always be printed (once) MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Header(); # ***************************** # Read configuration-file MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1, "Reading configuration file..."); if (-f "/etc/$script_conf") { print "Configuration file '$script_conf' is found in '/etc/'\n"; require "/etc/$script_conf"; } elsif (-f "/usr/$script_conf") { print "Configuration file '$script_conf' is found in '/usr/'\n"; require "/usr/$script_conf"; } elsif (-f "./$script_conf") { print "\nERROR! Configuration file '$script_conf' is found in the current "; print "directory.\nThe permissible locations for this file are either "; print "/etc/ or /usr/\n"; print "Please move it to one of these locations and retry.\n\n"; exit 0; } # **************************** # Read in all parameters if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { #command-line version # ---------------------------- # Get options from commandline $Getopt::Long::ignorecase=0; #case sensitive options if ( grep(/\-\?/,@ARGV) ) { MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Usage(); exit 0; } GetOptions("help" => \$Param{'help'} ,"host|h=s" => \$Param{'host'} ,"user|u=s" => \$Param{'user'} ,"password|p:s" => \$Param{'password'} ,"db|d=s" => \$Param{'db'} ,"superuser|U=s" => \$Param{'superuser'} ,"spassword|P:s" => \$Param{'spassword'} ,"rhost|H=s" => \$Param{'rhost'} ,"old_server" => \$Param{'old_server'} ,"debug=i" => \$Param{'DEBUG'} ,"brief|b" => \$Param{'brief'} ,"table|t" => \$Param{'table'} ,"relnotes" => \$Param{'relnotes'} ,"plan" => \$Param{'plan'} ,"howto" => \$Param{'howto'} ,"version|v" => \$Param{'version'} ,"preview" => \$Param{'preview'} ,"copy" => \$Param{'copy'} ,"commit" => \$Param{'commit'} ,'rollback' => \$Param{'rollback'} ); # ----------------------------- # set DEBUG $DEBUG = $Param{'DEBUG'} if ($Param{'DEBUG'}>=$DEBUG); # ----------------------------- # check for things which aren't # declared as options: # 2 arguments: (user,db) -> ('localhost','user','db') if ($#ARGV == 1) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"$script called with 2 arguments:"); $Param{'host'} = $Param{'host'} || 'localhost'; $Param{'user'} = $ARGV[0] || $Param{'user'}; $Param{'db'} = $ARGV[1] || $Param{'db'}; } # 3 arguments: (host,user,db) if ($#ARGV == 2) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"$script called with 3 arguments:"); $Param{'host'} = $ARGV[0] || $Param{'host'}; $Param{'user'} = $ARGV[1] || $Param{'user'}; $Param{'db'} = $ARGV[2] || $Param{'db'}; } # ------------------------------------- # prompt for user password if requested if ( defined($Param{'password'}) && length($Param{'password'}) == 0 ) { $Param{'password'} = PromptPass( "Password for MySQL user $Param{'user'}: "); } } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { #CGI-version require CGI; $Q = new CGI; $Param{'help'} = $Q->param('help') ; $Param{'host'} = $Q->param('host') || $Q->param('h') || $Param{'host'}; $Param{'user'} = $Q->param('user') || $Q->param('u') || $Param{'user'}; $Param{'db'} = $Q->param('db') || $Q->param('d') || $Param{'db'}; $Param{'password'} = $Q->param('password') || $Q->param('p') || $Param{'password'}; $Param{'superuser'} = $Q->param('superuser') || $Q->param('U') || $Param{'superuser'}; $Param{'spassword'} = $Q->param('spassword') || $Q->param('P') || $Param{'spassword'}; $Param{'rhost'} = $Q->param('rhost') || $Q->param('H') || $Param{'rhost'}; $Param{'old_server'}= $Q->param('old_server')|| $Param{'old_server'}; $Param{'debug'} = $Q->param('debug') || $Param{'debug'}; $Param{'brief'} = $Q->param('brief') || $Param{'brief'}; $Param{'table'} = $Q->param('table') || $Param{'table'}; $Param{'relnotes'} = $Q->param('relnotes'); $Param{'plan'} = $Q->param('plan'); $Param{'howto'} = $Q->param('howto'); $Param{'version'} = $Q->param('version') ? $Q->param('version') : $Q->param('v'); $Param{'edit'} = $Q->param('edit'); $Param{'preview'} = $Q->param('preview'); $Param{'copy'} = $Q->param('copy'); $Param{'commit'} = $Q->param('commit'); $Param{'rollback'} = $Q->param('rollback'); # ----------------------------- # set DEBUG $DEBUG = $Q->param('debug') if ($Q->param('debug')>=$DEBUG); } # ---------------------- # brief and table-format # exclude each-other # table-format is preferred if (defined($Param{'table'})) { undef($Param{'brief'}); } if (defined($Param{'preview'}) or defined($Param{'copy'}) or defined($Param{'commit'}) or defined($Param{'rollback'}) ) { $Param{'edit'}='on'; } # ---------------------- # if no host is given # assume we mean 'localhost' if (!defined($Param{'host'})) { $Param{'host'}='localhost'; } # ---------------------- # perform some checks # -> eliminate 'broken pipe' error push(@MySQLaccess::Grant::Error,'not_found_mysql') if !(-x $MYSQL); push(@MySQLaccess::Grant::Error,'not_found_diff') if !(-x $DIFF); push(@MySQLaccess::Grant::Error,'not_found_mysqldump') if !(-x $MYSQLDUMP); if (@MySQLaccess::Grant::Error) { MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Error_Messages() ; exit 0; } #----------------------- # get info/help if necc. $print_usage=1; if ( defined($Param{'version'}) ) { MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Version(); $print_usage=0; MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Footer(); MySQLaccess::DB::CloseConnection(); exit 0; # exit 0; } if ( defined($Param{'relnotes'}) ) { MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Relnotes(); $print_usage=0; MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Footer(); MySQLaccess::DB::CloseConnection(); exit 0; # exit 0; } if ( defined($Param{'plan'}) ) { MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Plans(); $print_usage=0; MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Footer(); MySQLaccess::DB::CloseConnection(); exit 0; # exit 0; } if ( defined($Param{'howto'}) ) { MySQLaccess::Report::Print_HowTo(); $print_usage=0; MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Footer(); MySQLaccess::DB::CloseConnection(); exit 0; # exit 0; } # ----------------------------- # generate a help-screen in CMD-mode # or a blanc form in CGI-mode if ( defined($Param{'help'}) or !defined($Param{'user'}) or !defined($Param{'host'}) or !defined($Param{'db'}) ) { push(@MySQLaccess::Grant::Error,'user_required') unless defined($Param{'user'}); push(@MySQLaccess::Grant::Error,'db_required') unless defined($Param{'db'}); push(@MySQLaccess::Grant::Error,'host_required') unless defined($Param{'host'}); MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Usage() if $print_usage; exit 0; } # ---------------------------- # get hostname and local-ip # for localhost $localhost = MySQLaccess::Host::LocalHost(); $local_ip = MySQLaccess::Host::Name2IP($localhost); $MySQLaccess::Host::localhost = MySQLaccess::Host::LocalHost(); $MySQLaccess::Host::local_ip = MySQLaccess::Host::Name2IP($localhost); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3, "localhost name=$localhost, ip=$local_ip"); #----------------------------------- # version of MySQL-server to connect # to determine use of full where clause $MySQLaccess::Host::SERVER = $Param{'old_server'} ? '3.20' : $SERVER; #--------------------------------- # create the config file for mysql and mysqldump # to avoid passing authentication info on the command line # MergeConfigFiles(); die "Unsafe config file found: $unsafeConfig\n" if $unsafeConfig; if (defined($Param{'superuser'})) { $MYSQL_CNF{'mysql'}{'user'} = $Param{'superuser'}; $MYSQL_CNF{'mysqldump'}{'user'} = $Param{'superuser'}; } if (defined($Param{'spassword'})) { if ( $CMD && length($Param{'spassword'}) == 0 ) { $Param{'spassword'} = PromptPass("Password for MySQL superuser $Param{'superuser'}: "); } if ( length($Param{'spassword'}) > 0 ) { $MYSQL_CNF{'mysql'}{'password'} = $Param{'spassword'}; $MYSQL_CNF{'mysqldump'}{'password'} = $Param{'spassword'}; } } WriteTempConfigFile(); #--------------------------------- # Inform user if he has not enough # privileges to read the access-db if ( $nerror=MySQLaccess::DB::OpenConnection() ) { MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Error_Access($nerror); exit 0; } # ----------------------- # Read MySQL ACL-files if ($nerror=MySQLaccess::Grant::ReadTables()) { MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Error_Access($nerror); exit 0; }; if ($Param{'edit'} and $nerror=MySQLaccess::Grant::ReadTables('tmp')) { MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Error_Access($nerror); exit 0; } #--------------------------------- # reload temporay grant-tables # with data from original ones if ( defined($Param{'copy'}) ) { $nerror=MySQLaccess::DB::LoadTmpTables(); if ($nerror) { MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Error_Access($nerror); exit 0; } my $msg = "The grant-rules are copied from the grant-tables to\n" . "the temporary tables."; MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Message([$msg]); # MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Footer(); # MySQLaccess::DB::CloseConnection(); # exit 0; } #--------------------------------- # preview result of changes in the # grant-tables if ( defined($Param{'preview'}) ) { $aref=MySQLaccess::Grant::Diff_Privileges(); MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Diff_ACL($aref); # MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Footer(); # MySQLaccess::DB::CloseConnection(); # exit 0; } #--------------------------------- # reload grant-tables # with data from temporary tables if ( defined($Param{'commit'}) ) { if ($nerror = MySQLaccess::DB::CommitGrantTables()) { MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Error_Access($nerror); exit 0; } my $msg = "The grant-rules have been copied from the temporary tables\n" . "to the grant-tables."; my $msg1= "Don't forget to do an 'mysqladmin reload' before these\n" . "changes take effect."; my $msg2= "A backup-version of your original grant-rules are saved in the\n" . "backup-tables, so you can always perform a 1-level rollback."; MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Message([$msg,$msg1,$msg2]); # MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Footer(); # MySQLaccess::DB::CloseConnection(); # exit 0; } #--------------------------------- # restore previous grant-rules # with data from backup tables if ( defined($Param{'rollback'}) ) { if ($nerror = MySQLaccess::DB::RollbackGrantTables()) { MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Error_Access($nerror); exit 0; } my $msg = "The old grant-rules have been copied back from the backup tables\n" . "to the grant-tables."; my $msg1= "Don't forget to do an 'mysqladmin reload' before these\n" . "changes take effect."; MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Message([$msg,$msg1]); # MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Footer(); # MySQLaccess::DB::CloseConnection(); # exit 0; } #---------------------------------- # show edit-taskbar if ( defined($Param{'edit'})) { if ($MySQLaccess::CGI ) { MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Edit(); $print_usage=0; MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Footer(); MySQLaccess::DB::CloseConnection(); exit 0; } else { MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Edit(); $print_usage=0; MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Footer(); MySQLaccess::DB::CloseConnection(); exit 0; } } # ----------------------------- # Build list of users,dbs,hosts # to process... @all_dbs = @{MySQLaccess::DB::Get_All_dbs($Param{'db'})}; @all_users = @{MySQLaccess::DB::Get_All_users($Param{'user'})}; @all_hosts = @{MySQLaccess::DB::Get_All_hosts($Param{'host'})}; #if EDIT-mode #@all_dbs_tmp = @{MySQLaccess::DB::Get_All_dbs($Param{'db'},'tmp')}; #@all_users_tmp = @{MySQLaccess::DB::Get_All_users($Param{'user'},'tmp')}; #@all_hosts_tmp = @{MySQLaccess::DB::Get_All_hosts($Param{'host'},'tmp')}; # ----------------------------- # Report access-rights for each # tuple (host,user,db) #$headers=0; my %Access = (); foreach $host (@all_hosts) { foreach $user (@all_users) { foreach $db (@all_dbs) { MySQLaccess::Grant::Initialize(); %Access = MySQLaccess::Grant::Get_Access_Rights($host,$user,$db); MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Access_rights($host,$user,$db,\%Access); } } } # ----------------------------- # End script MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Footer(); MySQLaccess::DB::CloseConnection(); exit 0; ############################################################# # FUNCTIONS # ############### sub GetMode { my $cmd=0; my $cgi=0; if (defined($ENV{'HTTP_HOST'})) { $cmd=0; $cgi=1; } else { $cmd=1; $cgi=0; } return ($cmd,$cgi); } # ================================ # sub PromptPass # prompt tty for a password # ================================ sub PromptPass { my ($prompt) = @_; my $password; $ENV{PATH} = "/bin:/usr/bin"; $ENV{IFS} = " \t\n"; $ENV{SHELL} = "/bin/sh"; system "stty -echo"; print $prompt; chomp($password = <STDIN>); print "\n"; system "stty echo"; $password; } # ================================= # sub CheckUnsafeFile # tell if a config file containing a password is unsafe # ================================= sub CheckUnsafeFile { my ($fname) = @_; my ($dev, $ino, $mode, $nlink, $uid, $gid, $rdev, $size, $atime, $mtime, $ctime, $blksize, $blocks) = stat($fname); if ( $uid != $< ) { # unsafe if owned by other than current user return 1; } if ( $mode & 066 ) { # unsafe if accessible by other return 1; } $fname =~ s#/[^/]+$##; if ( (length $fname) > 0 ) { return CheckUnsafeDir($fname); } return 0; } # ================================= # sub CheckUnsafeDir # tell if a directory is unsafe # ================================= sub CheckUnsafeDir { my ($fname) = @_; my ($dev, $ino, $mode, $nlink, $uid, $gid, $rdev, $size, $atime, $mtime, $ctime, $blksize, $blocks) = stat($fname); # not owned by me or root if ( ($uid != $<) && ($uid != 0) ) { return 1; } if ( $mode & 022 ) { # unsafe if writable by other return 1 unless $mode & 01000; # but sticky bit ok } $fname =~ s#/[^/]+$##; if ( (length $fname) > 0 ) { return CheckUnsafeDir($fname); } return 0; } # ================================= # sub MergeConfigFile # merge data from .cnf file # ================================= sub MergeConfigFile { my ($fname) = @_; my ($group, $item, $value); if ( open CNF, $fname ) { while (<CNF>) { s/^\s+//; next if /^[#;]/; if ( /\[\s*(\w+)\s*]/ ) { $group = $1; $group =~ tr/A-Z/a-z/; if ( !exists $MYSQL_CNF{$group} ) { undef $group; } } elsif ( defined $group ) { ($item, $value) = /((?:\w|-)+)\s*=\s*(\S+)/; # don't unquote backslashes as we just write it back out if ( defined $item ) { if ( $item =~ /^password$/ ) { if ( CheckUnsafeFile($fname) ) { $unsafeConfig = $fname; } } if ( $group eq 'client' || $group eq "client-server") { $MYSQL_CNF{'mysql'}{$item} = $value; $MYSQL_CNF{'mysqldump'}{$item} = $value; } else { $MYSQL_CNF{$group}{$item} = $value; } } } } close(CNF); } } # ================================= # sub MergeConfigFiles # merge options from config files # NOTE: really should do two separate merges for each # client to exactly duplicate order of resulting argument lists # ================================= sub MergeConfigFiles { my ($name,$pass,$uid,$gid,$quota,$comment,$gcos,$dir,$shell) = getpwuid $<; MergeConfigFile("/usr/my.cnf"); MergeConfigFile("/etc/my.cnf"); MergeConfigFile("$dir/.my.cnf"); } # ================================= # sub WriteTempConfigFile # write # ================================= sub WriteTempConfigFile { sysopen CNFFILE, $MYSQL_CNF, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0700 or die "sysopen $MYSQL_CNF: $!"; # groups may be in any order, generic groups such as [client] assumed # here to be empty foreach $group (keys %MYSQL_CNF) { print CNFFILE "[$group]\n"; foreach $item (keys %{$MYSQL_CNF{$group}}) { if ( defined $MYSQL_CNF{$group}{$item} ) { print CNFFILE "$item=$MYSQL_CNF{$group}{$item}\n"; } else { print CNFFILE "$item\n"; } } print CNFFILE "\n"; } close(CNFFILE); } ###################################################################### package MySQLaccess::DB; ########### BEGIN { $DEBUG = 2; $DEBUG = $MySQLaccess::DEBUG unless ($DEBUG); # Error-messages from the MySQL client %ACCESS_ERR= ('Access_denied' => 'Access denied' ,'Dbaccess_denied' => 'Access to database denied' ,'Unrecognized_option' => 'unrecognized option' ,'Unknown_table' => "Can't find file:" ,'unknown_error' => '^ERROR:' ); } # ###################################### # Connecting to the MYSQL DB # ====================================== # sub OpenConnection # Open an connection to the mysql-db # questions to MYSQL_Q # answers from MYSQL_A # ====================================== sub OpenConnection { my $pid; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"OpenConnection:"); # check path to mysql-client executable if (! -f $MySQLaccess::MYSQL) { if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { die "Could not find MySQL-client '$MySQLaccess::MYSQL'"; } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<center>\n<font color=Red>\n"; print "ERROR: Could not find MySQL-client '$MySQLaccess::MYSQL'"; print "</center>\n</font>\n"; exit 0; } } # path to mysql executable my $connect = "$MySQLaccess::MYSQL --defaults-file=$MySQLaccess::MYSQL_CNF"; $connect .= " $MySQLaccess::MYSQL_OPT"; # superuser, spassword transmitted via defaults-file if (defined($MySQLaccess::Param{'rhost'})) { $connect .= " --host=$MySQLaccess::Param{'rhost'}"; } # other options?? # grant-database $connect .= " $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_DB"; # open connection (not using /bin/sh -c) MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Connecting to: $connect"); $pid=IPC::Open3::open3(\*MYSQL_Q,\*MYSQL_A,"",split /\s+/,$connect); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"PID of open pipe: $pid"); # check connection print MYSQL_Q "select 'ok';\n"; $answer = <MYSQL_A>; #answer from mysql MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Answer: $answer\n"); foreach $nerror (sort(keys(%ACCESS_ERR))) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3,"check answer for error $ACCESS_ERR{$nerror}"); if (grep(/$ACCESS_ERR{$nerror}/i,$answer)) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Answer contain error [$nerror]"); return $nerror; } } if (0) { # check server-version print MYSQL_Q "select 'ok';\n"; $answer = <MYSQL_A>; #answer from mysql MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Answer: $answer\n"); foreach $nerror (sort(keys(%ACCESS_ERR))) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3,"check answer for error $ACCESS_ERR{$nerror}"); if (grep(/$ACCESS_ERR{$nerror}/i,$answer)) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Answer contain error [$nerror]"); return $nerror; } } } my $skip=<MYSQL_A>; return 0; } # ====================================== # sub CloseConnection # Close the connection to the mysql-db # ====================================== sub CloseConnection { close MYSQL_Q; close MYSQL_A; } # =========================================================== # sub CreateTable($table) # Create temporary/backup table # =========================================================== sub CreateTable { my $pid; my ($table,$force) = @_; my %tables = ( $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_U_TMP => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_U, $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_H_TMP => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_H, $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_D_TMP => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_D, $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_U_BCK => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_U, $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_H_BCK => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_H, $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_D_BCK => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_D, $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_U => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_U_BCK, $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_H => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_H_BCK, $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_D => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_D_BCK, ); my $tbl; my $query=""; my $delim; my $skip; my $create; my @known_tables=(); # print STDERR "CreateTable($table)\n"; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1,"CreateTable($table):"); ## error-handling return 'Unknown_table' unless defined($tables{$table}); ## build list of known/existing tables; ## if 'force' existing table is dropped first if (defined($force) and $force) { @known_tables = Show_Tables(); if (grep(/^$table$/,@known_tables)) { $query = "DROP TABLE $table;"; } } ## path to mysqldump executable my $connect = $MySQLaccess::MYSQLDUMP; $connect .= " --defaults-file=$MySQLaccess::MYSQL_CNF --no-data"; # superuser, spassword transmitted via defaults-file if (defined($MySQLaccess::Param{'rhost'})) { $connect .= " --host=$MySQLaccess::Param{'rhost'}"; } $connect .= " $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_DB"; $connect .= " $tables{$table}"; ## get creation-data for original table $create = ''; my $mysqldump = $connect; $mysqldump =~ s/ \$TABLE / $tbl /; # open connection (not using /bin/sh -c) MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Connecting to: $connect"); $pid=IPC::Open3::open3(\*DONTCARE,\*CREATE,"",split /\s+/,$mysqldump); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"PID of open pipe: $pid"); #open(CREATE,"$mysqldump"); @create = <CREATE>; $create = "@create"; foreach $nerror (sort(keys(%ACCESS_ERR))) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3,"check answer for error $ACCESS_ERR{$nerror}"); if (grep(/$ACCESS_ERR{$nerror}/i,$create)) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Answer contain error [$nerror]"); return $nerror; } } close(CREATE); close(DONTCARE); ## manipulate result for creation-data for temporary table $create =~ s/CREATE TABLE $tables{$table} \(/CREATE TABLE $table \(/; ## recreate temporary table $query .= "$create\n"; $query .= "select 'ok';"; ## execute query print MYSQL_Q "$query\n"; # print STDERR $query; $answer = <MYSQL_A>; #answer from mysql # print STDERR "A>",$answer; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Answer: $answer\n"); foreach $nerror (sort(keys(%ACCESS_ERR))) { # print STDERR "->$nerror?"; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3,"check answer for error $ACCESS_ERR{$nerror}"); if (grep(/$ACCESS_ERR{$nerror}/i,$answer)) { # print STDERR "Yes!"; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Answer contain error [$nerror]"); return $nerror; } } $delim = <MYSQL_A>; # read header if ($delim ne "ok\n") { while (($line=<MYSQL_A>) ne "ok\n") { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3," A> $line"); } $skip = <MYSQL_A>; # skip result 'ok' } # print STDERR "CreateTable done\n"; return 0; } # =========================================================== # sub CopyTable() # Copy the structure and the data of a table to another table # =========================================================== sub CopyTable { my ($from,$to,$force) = @_; my @known_tables = Show_Tables(); my $query = ""; my $nerror= 0; my $skip; # print STDERR "CopyTable($from,$to)\n"; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1,"MySQLaccess::DB::CopyTable($from,$to)"); ## error-handling if (!grep(/^$from$/,@known_tables)) { return 'Unknown_table'; } ## copy structure ## if forced if (defined($force) and $force) { return $nerror if ($nerror=CreateTable($to,$force)); # print STDERR "Structure copied\n"; } ## copy data $query .= "DELETE FROM $to;"; $query .= "INSERT INTO $to SELECT * FROM $from;"; $query .= "SELECT 'ok';\n"; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Query: $query"); ## execute query print MYSQL_Q "$query\n"; # print STDERR $query; ## check for errors... my $answer = <MYSQL_A>; #answer from mysql # print STDERR $answer; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Answer: $answer\n"); foreach $nerror (sort(keys(%ACCESS_ERR))) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3,"check answer for error $ACCESS_ERR{$nerror}"); if (grep(/$ACCESS_ERR{$nerror}/i,$answer)) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Answer contain error [$nerror]"); return $nerror; } } my $delim = <MYSQL_A>; # read header # print STDERR $delim; if ($delim ne "ok\n") { while (($line=<MYSQL_A>) ne "ok\n") { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3," A> $line"); } $skip = <MYSQL_A>; # skip result 'ok' } return 0; } # =========================================================== # sub LoadTmpTables() # (Re)load temporary tables with entries of ACL-tables # =========================================================== sub LoadTmpTables { my %tables = ( $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_U => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_U_TMP, $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_H => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_H_TMP, $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_D => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_D_TMP, ); my $tbl; my $nerror; # print STDERR "LoadTmpTables:\n"; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1,"LoadTmpTables():"); foreach $tbl (keys(%tables)) { # print STDERR "$tbl -> $tables{$tbl}\n"; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Loading table $tbl -> $tables{$tbl}."); return $nerror if ($nerror=CopyTable($tbl,$tables{$tbl},'force')); } return 0; } # =========================================================== # sub BackupGrantTables() # Make a backup of the original grant-tables # =========================================================== sub BackupGrantTables { my %tables = ( $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_U => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_U_BCK, $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_H => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_H_BCK, $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_D => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_D_BCK, ); my $tbl; my $nerror; # print STDERR "BackupGrantTables:\n"; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1,"BackupGrantTables():"); foreach $tbl (keys(%tables)) { # print STDERR "$tbl -> $tables{$tbl}\n"; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Backup table $tbl -> $tables{$tbl}."); return $nerror if ($nerror=CopyTable($tbl,$tables{$tbl},'force')); } return 0; } # =========================================================== # sub RollbackGrantTables() # Rollback the backup of the grant-tables # =========================================================== sub RollbackGrantTables { my %tables = ( $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_U_BCK => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_U, $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_H_BCK => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_H, $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_D_BCK => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_D, ); my $tbl; my $nerror; # print STDERR "RollbackGrantTables:\n"; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1,"RollbackGrantTables():"); foreach $tbl (keys(%tables)) { # print STDERR "$tbl -> $tables{$tbl}\n"; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Rollback table $tbl -> $tables{$tbl}."); return $nerror if ($nerror=CopyTable($tbl,$tables{$tbl},'force')); } return 0; } # =========================================================== # sub CommitGrantTables() # Copy grant-rules from temporary tables to the ACL-tables # =========================================================== sub CommitGrantTables { my %tables = ( $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_U => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_U_TMP, $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_H => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_H_TMP, $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_D => $MySQLaccess::ACCESS_D_TMP, ); my $tbl; my $query; my $delim; my $skip; my $create; print STDERR "CommitGrantTables()\n"; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1,"CommitGrantTables():"); ## Make backup of original grant-tables MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Making backup of original grant-tables..."); BackupGrantTables(); ## Copy data from temporay tables to grant-tables foreach $tbl (keys(%tables)) { print STDERR "$tbl -> $tables{$tbl}\n"; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Loading data $tables{$tbl} -> $tbl."); return $nerror if ($nerror=CopyTable($tables{$tbl},$tbl)); } return 0; } # =========================================================== # sub Show_Fields($table): # return (a reference to) a hash which holds the names # of all relevant grant-fields, with their index in the record, # and (a reference to) an array which holds the fieldnames. # =========================================================== sub Show_Fields { my ($table) = @_; my %skip = ('host' => [0,1] ,'user' => [0,1,2] ,'db' => [0,1,2] ); my %Struct = (); my @Struct = (); my $query = "show fields from $table;select 'ok';\n"; my $i=0; my $line; #print STDERR $query; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1,"Show_Fields($table):"); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"SQL: $query"); print MYSQL_Q "$query"; my $skip = <MYSQL_A>; #skip header while (($line=<MYSQL_A>) ne "ok\n") { #print STDERR ">",$line; chop($line); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2," $table>: $line"); my ($field,$type,$null,$key,$default,$extra) = split(' ',$line); $field = ucfirst($field); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3, " <split: $field - $type - $null - $key - $default - $extra"); if (! grep(/$i/,@{$skip{$table}}) ){ $Struct{$field} = $i; #hash push(@Struct,$field); #array MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3," ==> added column[$i]: $field ($Struct{$field})"); } else { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3," ==> skipped column[$i], value=[$field]"); } $i++; } $skip=<MYSQL_A>; # Get ok row (found already ok header) MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "Array:"); foreach $field (@Struct) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"+ $field"); } MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Hash:"); foreach $field (keys(%Struct)) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"+ $field -> $Struct{$field}"); } return (\%Struct,\@Struct); } # =========================================================== # sub Show_Tables(): # return (a reference to) an array which holds all # known tables. # =========================================================== sub Show_Tables { my @Tables = (); my $query = "show tables;select 'ok';\n"; my $i=0; my $line; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1,"Show_Tables():"); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"SQL: $query"); print MYSQL_Q "$query"; my $skip = <MYSQL_A>; #skip header while (($line=<MYSQL_A>) ne "ok\n") { chop($line); push(@Tables,$line); #array MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3," ==> added table: $line"); } $skip=<MYSQL_A>; # Get ok row (found already ok header) MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "Array:"); foreach $tbl (@Tables) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"+ $tbl"); } return @Tables; } # ====================================== # sub Validate_Password($passwd,$host,$user,$encpw) # Validate the given password # for user '$user' # connecting from host '$host' # ====================================== sub Validate_Password { my ($password,$host,$user,$encpw) = @_; my $valid=0; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1,"Validate_Password($password,$host,$user,$encpw)"); my $sql = "select host,user,password from user having " ."host='$host' and user='$user' and password='$encpw' " ."and password=PASSWORD('$password');\n"; $sql .= "select 'ok';\n"; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"SQL = $sql"); print MYSQL_Q "$sql"; # if password is valid, at least 1 row returns before we read 'ok' while ( ($line=<MYSQL_A>) ne "ok\n") { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2," A> $line"); $valid = defined($line); } my $skip = <MYSQL_A>; # read 'ok' return $valid; } # ========================================================== # sub Sort_fields: (rewritten by psmith) # Build the query for an ordered list of entries # ========================================================== sub Sort_fields { my ($start, $end, $sofar, $this, @rest) = (@_); my @where = ("((FIELD not like '\\%') AND (FIELD <> ''))", "((FIELD like '%\\%%') OR (FIELD like '%\\_%'))", "(FIELD = '')"); my $res = ''; $this or return ("$start $sofar $end"); $sofar .= ' AND ' if $sofar; foreach $w (@where) { my $f = $w; $f =~ s/FIELD/$this/g; $res .= Sort_fields($start, $end, "$sofar$f", @rest); } return ($res); } # =========================================================== # sub Sort_table: (rewritten by psmith) # return all entries in the given table, # in an ordered fashion # =========================================================== sub Sort_table { my ($tbl, @order) = @_; my @res=(); # as long as there's no full where clause (Distrib 3.20)... # use having :-( # NOTE: this clause WILL NOT work on 3.21, because of the # order of 'ORDER BY' and 'HAVING' my $start = "SELECT *,UCASE(host) as ucase_host FROM $tbl "; $start .= 'ORDER BY ' . join(',', @order) ." HAVING "; my $end = ";\n"; # server version 3.21 has a full where clause :-) if ($MySQLaccess::Host::SERVER >= '3.21') { # print "+++USING FULL WHERE CLAUSE+++\n"; $start = "SELECT *,UCASE(host) as ucase_host FROM $tbl WHERE "; $end = ' ORDER BY ' . join(',', @order) . ";\n"; } MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1,"Sort_table():"); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Sorting table $tbl by `@order'"); my $tmp; foreach $tmp (@order) { $tmp="UCASE(host)" if ($tmp eq "ucase_host"); } my $query = Sort_fields($start, $end, '', @order); $query .= "select 'ok';\n"; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Query: $query"); print MYSQL_Q "$query\n"; my $delim = <MYSQL_A>; # read header MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3," A> $delim"); if ($delim ne "ok\n") { if ($delim =~ /^ERROR/) { push(@MySQLaccess::Grant::Error,'use_old_server'); MySQLaccess::Report::Print_Error_Messages() ; exit 1; } while (($line=<MYSQL_A>) ne "ok\n") { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3," A> $line"); push(@res,$line); } } my $skip = <MYSQL_A>; # skip result 'ok' # remove columnheaders from output @res = grep(!/^\Q$delim\E$/, @res); # remove trailing \n from each returned record chomp(@res); # each record has 1 field to much : ucase_host @res = grep { /(.*)\t.*$/; $_ = $1; } @res; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Result of sorted table $tbl:"); foreach $line (@res) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2," >>$line"); } return @res; } # =========================================================== # sub Get_All_db(template): # return all db the grant-tables are working on, # which conform to the template # =========================================================== sub Get_All_dbs { my ($template,$tmp) = @_; my @db=(); my $aref; # working with temporary tables or production tables if (defined($tmp) and $tmp) { $aref = \@MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_db_tmp_table ; } else { $aref = \@MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_db_table; } MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1," template=[$template]"); # get all db for which access-rights can be calculated, # which conform to the template. # !! these db's don't have to exist yet, so it's not # enough to look which db already exist on the system $reg_expr = $template; if ($template =~ /[\*\?]/) { $reg_expr =~ tr/*?/%_/; #$reg_expr = MySQLaccess::Wildcards::Wild2Reg($template); } $reg_expr = MySQLaccess::Wildcards::SQL2Reg("$reg_expr"); if ( ! ($template =~ /[\*\?%_]/) ) { push(@db,$template); return \@db; } MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"#Reading db-table..."); foreach $record (@{$aref}) { #MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_db_table) { my @record=split(/\t/,$record); my $db = $record[1]; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"> $db "); if ( (!grep(/$db/i,@db)) and ($db =~/$reg_expr/i) ) { push(@db,$db); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"added"); } else { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"skipped"); } } # if no rule is found for a certain db in the db-table, # the rights of the user are used, so we should inform # the user for if (!grep(/^%$/,@db)) { push(@db,"$MySQLaccess::NEW_DB"); } return \@db; } # =========================================================== # sub Get_All_users(template): # return all users the grant-tables are working on, # which conform to the template # =========================================================== sub Get_All_users { ($template,$tmp) = @_; # nog verder uitwerken!!! my @user=(); my $aref; # working with temporary tables or production tables if (defined($tmp) and $tmp) { $aref = \@MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_user_tmp_table ; } else { $aref = \@MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_user_table; } MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1,"Debug Get_All_users:"); # get all db for which access-rights can be calculated. # !! these db's don't have to exist yet, so it's not # enough to look which db already exist on the system $reg_expr = $template; if ($template =~ /[\*\?]/) { $reg_expr =~ tr/*?/%_/; #$reg_expr = MySQLaccess::Wildcards::Wild2Reg($template); } $reg_expr = MySQLaccess::Wildcards::SQL2Reg("$reg_expr"); if ( ! ($template =~ /[\*\?%_]/) ) { push(@user,$template); return \@user; } MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"#Reading user-table..."); foreach $record (@{$aref}) { #MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_user_table) { my @record=split(/\t/,$record); my $user = $record[1]; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"> $user "); if ( (!grep(/$user/,@user)) and ($user=~/$reg_expr/)) { push(@user,$user); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "added"); } else { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "skipped"); } } # Any user means also: # - the 'empty' user, ie without supplying a username # - any user still to be defined/created #push(@user,''); #without_suplying_a_username push(@user,"$MySQLaccess::NEW_USER"); #push(@Warnings,'minimum_priv'); return \@user; } # =========================================================== # sub Get_All_hosts(template): # return all hosts the grant-tables are working on, # which conform to the template # =========================================================== sub Get_All_hosts { my ($template,$tmp) = @_; my @host=(); my $aref; my $aref1; # working with temporary tables or production tables if (defined($tmp) and $tmp) { $aref = \@MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_host_tmp_table ; $aref1= \@MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_db_tmp_table ; } else { $aref = \@MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_host_table; $aref1= \@MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_db_table ; } MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1, "Debug Get_All_hosts:"); # get all db for which access-rights can be calculated. # !! these db's don't have to exist yet, so it's not # enough to look which db already exist on the system $reg_expr = $template; if ($template =~ /[\*\?]/) { $reg_expr =~ tr/*?/%_/; #$reg_expr = MySQLaccess::Wildcards::Wild2Reg($template); } $reg_expr = MySQLaccess::Wildcards::SQL2Reg("$reg_expr"); if ( ! ($template =~ /[\*\?%_]/) ) { push(@host,$template); return \@host; } MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1, "#Reading db-table..."); foreach $record (@{$aref1}) { #MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_db_table) { my @record=split(/\t/,$record); my $host = $record[0]; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "> $host "); if (! grep(/$host/i,@host)) { push(@host,$host); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "added"); } else { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "skipped"); } } MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1, "#Reading host-table..."); foreach $record (@{$aref}) { my @record=split(/\t/,$record); my $host = $record[0]; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "> $host "); if ( (!grep(/$host/,@host)) and ($host=~/$reg_expr/)) { push(@host,$host); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "added"); } else { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "skipped"); } } # DOUBT: #print "#Reading user-table...\n" if ($DEBUG>1); #foreach $record (@MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_user_table) { # my @record=split(/\t/,$record); # my $host = $record[0]; # print "> $host " if ($DEBUG>2); # if ( (!grep(/$host/,@host)) and ($host=~/$reg_expr/)) { # push(@host,$host); # print "added\n" if ($DEBUG>2); # } # else { # print "skipped\n" if ($DEBUG>2); # } #} # Any host also means: # - any host still to be defined/created #push(@host,"any_other_host"); @host = sort(@host); return \@host; } ########################################################################## package MySQLaccess::Grant; ############## BEGIN { $DEBUG = 0; $DEBUG = $MySQLaccess::DEBUG unless ($DEBUG); } # =========================================================== # sub Diff_Privileges() # Calculate diff between temporary and original grant-tables # =========================================================== sub Diff_Privileges { my @before=(); my @after =(); my @diffs =(); # ----------------------------- # Build list of users,dbs,hosts # to process... my @all_dbs = @{MySQLaccess::DB::Get_All_dbs('*')}; my @all_users = @{MySQLaccess::DB::Get_All_users('*')}; my @all_hosts = @{MySQLaccess::DB::Get_All_hosts('*')}; #if EDIT-mode my @all_dbs_tmp = @{MySQLaccess::DB::Get_All_dbs('*','tmp')}; my @all_users_tmp = @{MySQLaccess::DB::Get_All_users('*','tmp')}; my @all_hosts_tmp = @{MySQLaccess::DB::Get_All_hosts('*','tmp')}; my %Access; # ------------------------------------ # Build list of priv. for grant-tables foreach $host (@all_hosts) { foreach $user (@all_users) { foreach $db (@all_dbs) { MySQLaccess::Grant::Initialize(); %Access = MySQLaccess::Grant::Get_Access_Rights($host,$user,$db); push(@before,MySQLaccess::Report::Raw_Report($host,$user,$db,\%Access)); } } } # ---------------------------------- # Build list of priv. for tmp-tables foreach $host (@all_hosts_tmp) { foreach $user (@all_users_tmp) { foreach $db (@all_dbs_tmp) { MySQLaccess::Grant::Initialize('tmp'); %Access = MySQLaccess::Grant::Get_Access_Rights($host,$user,$db,'tmp'); push(@after,MySQLaccess::Report::Raw_Report($host,$user,$db,\%Access)); } } } # ---------------------------------- # Write results to temp-file to make # DIFF @before = sort(@before); @after = sort(@after); ($hb, $before) = tempfile("$MySQLaccess::script.XXXXXX") or push(@MySQLaccess::Report::Errors,"Can't create temporary file: $!"); ($ha, $after) = tempfile("$MySQLaccess::script.XXXXXX") or push(@MySQLaccess::Report::Errors,"Can't create temporary file: $!"); print $hb join("\n",@before); print $ha join("\n",@after); close $hb; close $ha; # ---------------------------------- # compute difference my $cmd="$MySQLaccess::DIFF $before $after |"; open(DIFF,"$cmd"); @diffs = <DIFF>; @diffs = grep(/[<>]/,@diffs); chomp(@diffs); close(DIFF); # ---------------------------------- # cleanup temp. files unlink($before); unlink($after); return \@diffs; } # =========================================================== # sub Initialize() # # =========================================================== sub Initialize { %MySQLaccess::Grant::Access = %{Default_Access_Rights()}; @MySQLaccess::Grant::Errors = (); @MySQLaccess::Grant::Warnings = (); @MySQLaccess::Grant::Notes = (); # ----- # rules $MySQLaccess::Grant::Rules{'user'} = 'no_rule_found'; $MySQLaccess::Grant::Rules{'db'} = 'no_rule_found'; $MySQLaccess::Grant::Rules{'host'} = 'no_equiv_host'; $MySQLaccess::Grant::full_access = 1; $MySQLaccess::Grant::process_host_table = 0; return 1; } # =========================================================== # sub ReadTables() # # =========================================================== sub ReadTables { my ($tmp) = @_; my ($HOST,$DB,$USER); my @tables; # build list of available tables @tables = MySQLaccess::DB::Show_Tables(); # reading production grant-tables or temporary tables? $tmp = (defined($tmp) and $tmp) ? 1 : 0; if ($tmp) { #reading temporary tables $HOST=$MySQLaccess::ACCESS_H_TMP; $DB =$MySQLaccess::ACCESS_D_TMP; $USER=$MySQLaccess::ACCESS_U_TMP; # ---------------------------- # do tables exist? if (!grep(/$HOST/,@tables)) { MySQLaccess::DB::CreateTable($HOST); } if (!grep(/$USER/,@tables)) { MySQLaccess::DB::CreateTable($USER); } if (!grep(/$DB/,@tables)) { MySQLaccess::DB::CreateTable($DB); } MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1,"Finding fields in tmp-ACL files:"); # ----------------------------- # Get record-layout my ($h1,$h2) = MySQLaccess::DB::Show_Fields($HOST); my ($d1,$d2) = MySQLaccess::DB::Show_Fields($DB); my ($u1,$u2) = MySQLaccess::DB::Show_Fields($USER); %MySQLaccess::Grant::H_tmp = %{$h1}; @MySQLaccess::Grant::H_tmp = @{$h2}; %MySQLaccess::Grant::D_tmp = %{$d1}; @MySQLaccess::Grant::D_tmp = @{$d2}; %MySQLaccess::Grant::U_tmp = %{$u1}; @MySQLaccess::Grant::U_tmp = @{$u2}; # @MySQLaccess::Grant::Privileges_tmp=@{Make_Privlist()}; # MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1, "Reading sorted temp-tables:"); @MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_db_tmp_table = MySQLaccess::DB::Sort_table($DB, 'ucase_host', 'user', 'db'); @MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_host_tmp_table= MySQLaccess::DB::Sort_table($HOST, 'ucase_host', 'db'); @MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_user_tmp_table= defined($MySQLaccess::Param{'password'}) ? MySQLaccess::DB::Sort_table($USER, 'ucase_host', 'user', 'password'): MySQLaccess::DB::Sort_table($USER, 'ucase_host', 'user'); } else { #reading production grant-tables $HOST=$MySQLaccess::ACCESS_H; $DB =$MySQLaccess::ACCESS_D; $USER=$MySQLaccess::ACCESS_U; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1,"Finding fields in ACL files:"); # ----------------------------- # Get record-layout my ($h1,$h2) = MySQLaccess::DB::Show_Fields($HOST); my ($d1,$d2) = MySQLaccess::DB::Show_Fields($DB); my ($u1,$u2) = MySQLaccess::DB::Show_Fields($USER); %MySQLaccess::Grant::H = %{$h1}; @MySQLaccess::Grant::H = @{$h2}; %MySQLaccess::Grant::D = %{$d1}; @MySQLaccess::Grant::D = @{$d2}; %MySQLaccess::Grant::U = %{$u1}; @MySQLaccess::Grant::U = @{$u2}; @MySQLaccess::Grant::Privileges=@{Make_Privlist()}; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1, "Reading sorted tables:"); @MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_db_table = MySQLaccess::DB::Sort_table($DB, 'ucase_host', 'user', 'db'); @MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_host_table= MySQLaccess::DB::Sort_table($HOST, 'ucase_host', 'db'); @MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_user_table= defined($MySQLaccess::Param{'password'}) ? MySQLaccess::DB::Sort_table($USER, 'ucase_host', 'user', 'password'): MySQLaccess::DB::Sort_table($USER, 'ucase_host', 'user'); } return 0; } # =========================================================== # sub Get_Access_Rights(host,user,db) # report the access_rights for the tuple ($host,$user,$db). # =========================================================== sub Get_Access_Rights { local ($host,$user,$db,$tmp) = @_; my $aref_user; my $aref_host; my $aref_db; # working with temporary tables or production tables if (defined($tmp) and $tmp) { $aref_user = \@MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_user_tmp_table; $aref_host = \@MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_host_tmp_table; $aref_db = \@MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_db_tmp_table; } else { $aref_user = \@MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_user_table; $aref_host = \@MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_host_table; $aref_db = \@MySQLaccess::Grant::sorted_db_table; } my ($refrecord,$refgrant); my ($_host_,$_user_,$encpw_); my %_Access_; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1, "for ($host,$user,$db):"); # ****************************************************************************** # Create default access-rights # default access-rights are no access at all!! # ****************************************************************************** # get hostname for IP-address # get IP-address for hostname local $host_name = MySQLaccess::Host::IP2Name($host); local $host_ip = MySQLaccess::Host::Name2IP($host); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3,"host=$host, hostname=$host_name, host-ip =$host_ip"); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3,"user=$user"); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3,"db =$db"); # *********************************************************************** # retrieve information on USER # check all records in mysql::user for matches with the tuple (host,user) # *********************************************************************** # 4.OR (add) the privileges for the user from the "user" table. # (add all privileges which is "Y" in "user") ($refrecord,$refgrant) = Get_grant_from_user($host,$user,$aref_user); ($_host_,$_user_,$encpw_) = @{$refrecord}; %_access_ = %{$refgrant}; foreach $field (keys(%U)) { ##only priv. set in user-table $MySQLaccess::Grant::Access{$field} = ($MySQLaccess::Grant::Access{$field} or $_access_{$field}); } if ($_user_ eq $MySQLaccess::NEW_USER) { push(@Warnings,'minimum_priv'); } if ($_user_ ne $user) { $user=$_user_; push(@Warnings,'anonymous_access'); } # ******************************************************* # Validate password if this has been asked to do # ******************************************************* if (defined($password)) { $valid = Validate_Password($password,$_host_,$_user_,$_encpw_,$aref_user); if (!$valid) { push(@Errors,'invalid_password'); } else { push(@Notes,'valid_password'); } } # ****************************************************************************** # retrieve information on DB # check all records in mysql::db for matches with the triple (host,db,user) # first match is used. # ****************************************************************************** # 2.Get grant for user from the "db" table. ($refrecord,$refgrant)=Get_grant_from_db($host,$db,$user,$aref_db); #set process_host_table ($_host_,$_user_,$encpw_) = @{$refrecord}; %_access_ = %{$refgrant}; foreach $field (keys(%D)) { ##only priv. set in db-table $MySQLaccess::Grant::Access{$field} = ($MySQLaccess::Grant::Access{$field} or $_access_{$field}); } # *********************************************************************** # retrieve information on HOST # check all records in mysql::host for matches with the tuple (host,db) # # ' The host table is mainly to maintain a list of "secure" servers. ' # *********************************************************************** # 3.If hostname is "empty" for the found entry, AND the privileges with # the privileges for the host in "host" table. # (Remove all which is not "Y" in both) if ($MySQLaccess::Grant::process_host_table) { ($refrecord,$refgrant)=Get_grant_from_host($host,$db,$aref_host); ($_host_,$_user_,$encpw_) = @{$refrecord}; %_access_ = %{$refgrant}; foreach $field (keys(%H)) { ##only priv. set in host-table $MySQLaccess::Grant::Access{$field} = ($MySQLaccess::Grant::Access{$field} and $_access_{$field}); } } MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1,"done for ($host,$user,$db)"); return %MySQLaccess::Grant::Access; } # #################################### # FINDING THE RIGHT GRANT-RULE # ========================================================== # sub Get_grant_from_user: # ========================================================== sub Get_grant_from_user { my ($host,$user,$aref) = @_; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1, ""); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1, "(host=$host,user=$user)"); my %Access_user = %{Default_Access_Rights()}; my $rule_found=0; my @record = (); my $record; foreach $record (@{$aref}) { $MySQLaccess::Grant::full_access=0; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3, "Record= $record"); @record=split(/\t/,$record); # check host and db # with possible wildcards in field # replace mysql-wildcards by reg-wildcards my $host_tpl = MySQLaccess::Wildcards::SQL2Reg($record[0]); my $user_tpl = $record[1]; #user field isn't pattern-matched!! my $passwd = $record[2]; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3, "=>host_tpl : read=$record[0] -> converted=$host_tpl"); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3, "=>user_tpl : read=$record[1] -> $user_tpl"); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3, "=>password : read=$record[2] -> $passwd"); if ( MySQLaccess::Host::MatchTemplate($host,$host_tpl) and MySQLaccess::Wildcards::MatchTemplate($user_tpl,$user) ) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "FOUND!!"); if ($passwd eq '') { push(@Warnings,'insecure_user'); } else { push(@Notes,'password_required'); } foreach $field (keys(%U)) { $Access_user{$field} = $MySQLaccess::Report::Answer{$record[$U{$field}]}; } #print "\n" if $DEBUG; $MySQLaccess::Grant::Rules{'user'} = $record; $rule_found=1; last; } } # ------------------------------- # setting privileges to user-priv MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "Rights after parsing user-table..:"); if (! $rule_found ) { @record=(); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "NO record found in the user-table!!"); } else { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "Selected record=@record"); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "<=?=> $record"); } MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1, "returning @record"); return (\@record,\%Access_user); #matching record in user-table } # ========================================================== # sub Get_grant_from_db: # ========================================================== sub Get_grant_from_db { my ($host,$db,$user,$aref) = @_; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1, "(host=$host,user=$user,db=$db)"); my %Access_db = %{Default_Access_Rights()}; my $rule_found=0; foreach $record (@{$aref}) { $full_access=0; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "Read db: $record"); @record=split(/\t/,$record); # check host and db # with possible wildcards in field # replace mysql-wildcards by reg-wildcards my $host_tpl = MySQLaccess::Wildcards::SQL2Reg($record[0]); my $db_tpl = MySQLaccess::Wildcards::SQL2Reg($record[1]); my $user_tpl = $record[2]; #user field isn't pattern matched!! MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3, "=>host_tpl : read=$record[0] -> converted=$host_tpl"); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3, "=>db_tpl : read=$record[1] -> $db_tpl"); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3, "=>user_tpl : read=$record[2] -> $user_tpl"); if ( ( MySQLaccess::Host::Is_localhost($host_tpl) or MySQLaccess::Wildcards::MatchTemplate($host_tpl,$host_name) or MySQLaccess::Wildcards::MatchTemplate($host_tpl,$host_ip) ) and ( MySQLaccess::Wildcards::MatchTemplate($db_tpl,$db) ) and ( MySQLaccess::Wildcards::MatchTemplate($user_tpl,$user) ) ) { $MySQLaccess::Grant::process_host_table = ($record[0] eq ''); if ($user_tpl eq '') { push(@Warnings,'public_database'); } foreach $field (keys(%D)) { $Access_db{$field} = $MySQLaccess::Report::Answer{$record[$D{$field}]}; } $rule_found=1; $MySQLaccess::Grant::Rules{'db'} = $record; last; } } # ------------------------------- # setting privileges to db-priv MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "Rights after parsing db-table..:"); if (! $rule_found ) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "NO rule found in db-table => no access granted!!"); } return (\@record,\%Access_db); } # ========================================================== # sub Get_grant_from_host: # ========================================================== sub Get_grant_from_host { my ($host,$db,$aref) = @_; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1, "Get_grant_from_host()"); my %Access_host = %{Default_Access_Rights()}; # the host-table doesn't have to be processed if the host-field # in the db-table isn't empty if (!$MySQLaccess::Grant::process_host_table) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, ">> Host-table doesn't have to be processed!!"); $MySQLaccess::Grant::Rules{'host'} = 'no_equiv_host'; return ([],\%Access_host); } my $rule_found=0; my @record = (); foreach $record (@{$aref}) { $full_access=0; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "host: $record"); @record=split(/\t/,$record); # check host and db # with possible wildcards in field # replace mysql-wildcards by reg-wildcards my $host_tpl = MySQLaccess::Wildcards::SQL2Reg($record[0]); my $db_tpl = MySQLaccess::Wildcards::SQL2Reg($record[1]); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3, "=>host_tpl : $record[0] -> $host_tpl"); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3, "=>db_tpl : $record[1] -> $db_tpl"); if ( ( MySQLaccess::Host::Is_localhost($host_tpl) or MySQLaccess::Wildcards::MatchTemplate($host_tpl,$host_name) or MySQLaccess::Wildcards::MatchTemplate($host_tpl,$host_ip) ) and ( MySQLaccess::Wildcards::MatchTemplate($db_tpl,$db) ) ) { $MySQLaccess::Grant::Rules{'host'} = $record; $rule_found=1; foreach $field (keys(%H)) { $Access_host{$field} = $MySQLaccess::Report::Answer{$record[$H{$field}]}; } last; } } # ------------------------------- # setting privileges to host-priv MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "Rights after parsing host-table..:"); if (! $rule_found ) { @record=(); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "NO restrictions found in the host-table!!"); } # -------------------------------- # debugging access-rights in db return (\@record,\%Access_host); #matching record in host-table } # =========================================================== # sub Default_Access_Rights(): # return (a reference to) a hash which holds all default # priviliges currently defined in the grant-tables. # =========================================================== sub Default_Access_Rights { my %right = (); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "Debug Default_Access_Rights():"); # add entry for all fields in the HOST-table foreach $field (keys(%MySQLaccess::Grant::H)) { $right{$field}='0' unless (defined($right{$field})); } # add entry for all fields in the DB-table foreach $field (keys(%MySQLaccess::Grant::D)) { $right{$field}='0' unless (defined($right{$field})); } # add entry for all fields in the USER-table foreach $field (keys(%MySQLaccess::Grant::U)) { $right{$field}='0' unless (defined($right{$field})); } # -------------- # debugging info foreach $field (keys(%right)) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3, sprintf("> %15s : %1s",$field,$right{$field})); } return \%right; } # ====================================== # sub Make_Privlist # Make an ordered list of the privileges # that should be reported # ====================================== sub Make_Privlist { # layout: #'select_priv', 'create_priv', #'insert_priv', 'drop_priv', #'update_priv', 'reload_priv', #'delete_priv', 'process_priv', #'file_priv', 'shutdown_priv'); my $right; my @privlist=(); foreach $right (@U) { if (! grep(/$right/,@privlist)) { push(@privlist,$right); } }; foreach $right (@D) { if (! grep(/$right/,@privlist)) { push(@privlist,$right); } }; foreach $right (@H) { if (! grep(/$right/,@privlist)) { push(@privlist,$right); } }; # print "Privileges:\n"; # foreach $field (@privlist) { print " > $field\n"; } return \@privlist; } ######################################################################## package MySQLaccess::Report; use Exporter (); @EXPORT = qw(&Print_Header()); BEGIN { $FORM = $ENV{'SCRIPT_NAME'}; $DEBUG = 0; $DEBUG = $MySQLaccess::DEBUG unless ($DEBUG); # translation-table for poss. answers %Answer = ('Y' => 1 , 'N' => 0 , 1 => 'Y', 0 => 'N' ,'?' => '?', '' => '?' ); $headers = 0; $separator = 0; # **************************** # Notes and warnings %MESSAGES = ( 'insecure_user' => "Everybody can access your DB as user `\$user' from host `\$host'\n" ."WITHOUT supplying a password.\n" ."Be very careful about it!!" ,'password_required' => "A password is required for user `\$user' :-(" ,'invalid_password' => "The password '\$password' for user `\$user' is invalid :-P" , 'valid_password' => "You supplied the right password for user `\$user' :-)" ,'public_database' => "Any user with the appropriate permissions has access to your DB!\n" ."Check your users!" ,'full_access' => "All grant-tables are empty, which gives full access to ALL users !!" ,'no_rule_found' => "No matching rule" ,'no_equiv_host' => "Not processed: host-field is not empty in db-table." ,'least_priv' => "If the final priveliges of the user are more then you gave the user,\n" ."check the priveliges in the db-table `\$db'." ,'minimum_priv' => "The privileges for any new user are AT LEAST\n" ."the ones shown in the table above,\n" ."since these are the privileges of the db `\$db'.\n" ,'not_found_mysql' => "The MySQL client program <$MySQLaccess::MYSQL> could not be found.\n" ."+ Check your path, or\n" ."+ edit the source of this script to point \$MYSQL to the mysql client.\n" ,'not_found_mysqldump' => "The MySQL dump program <$MySQLaccess::MYSQLDUMP> could not be found.\n" ."+ Check your path, or\n" ."+ edit the source of this script to point \$MYSQLDUMP to the mysqldump program.\n" ,'not_found_diff' => "The diff program <$MySQLaccess::DIFF> could not be found.\n" ."+ Check your path, or\n" ."+ edit the source of this script to point \$DIFF to the diff program.\n" ,'Unrecognized_option' => "Sorry,\n" ."You are using an old version of the mysql-program,\n" ."which does not yet implement a neccessary option.\n" ."\n" ."You need at least Version 6.2 of the mysql-client,\n" ."which was build in MySQL v3.0.18, to use this version\n" ."of `$MySQLaccess::script'." ,'Access_denied' => "Sorry,\n" ."An error occurred when trying to connect to the database\n" ."with the grant-tables:\n" ."* Maybe YOU do not have READ-access to this database?\n" ."* If you used the -U option, you may have supplied an invalid username?\n" ." for the superuser?\n" ."* If you used the -U option, it may be possible you have to supply\n" ." a superuser-password to, with the -P option?\n" ."* If you used the -P option, you may have supplied an invalid password?\n" ,'Dbaccess_denied' => "Sorry,\n" ."An error occurred when trying to connect to the database\n" ."with the grant-tables. (dbaccess denied)\n" ,'Unknown_tmp_table' => "Sorry,\n" ."An error occurred when trying to work with the temporary tables in the database\n" ."with the grant-tables. (One of the temporary tables does not exist)\n" ,'Unknown_table' => "Sorry,\n" ."An error occurred when trying to work with some tables in the database\n" ."with the grant-tables. (table does not exist)\n" ,'use_old_server' => "Sorry,\n" ."An error occurred when executing an SQL statement.\n" ."You might consider altering the use of the parameter `--old_server' when \n" ."calling `$MySQLaccess::script'." ,'unknown_error' => "Sorry,\n" ."An error occurred when trying to connect to the database\n" ."with the grant-tables. (unknown error)\n" ,'anonymous_access' => "Accessing the db as an anonymous user.\n" ."Your username has no relevance\n" ,'user_required' => "You have to supply a userid." ,'db_required' => "You have to supply the name of a database." ,'host_required' => "You have to supply the name of a host." ); } # ===================================== # sub Print_Header: # print header info # ===================================== sub Print_Header { if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { #command-line mode print "$MySQLaccess::script Version $MySQLaccess::VERSION\n" ."By RUG-AIV, by Yves Carlier (Yves.Carlier\@rug.ac.be)\n" ."Changes by Steve Harvey (sgh\@vex.net)\n" ."This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.\n"; } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { #CGI-BIN mode print "content-type: text/html\n\n" . "<HTML>\n" ."<HEAD>\n" ."<TITLE>MySQLaccess</TITLE>\n" ."</HEAD>\n" ."<BODY>\n" ."<H1>$MySQLaccess::script Version $MySQLaccess::VERSION</H1>\n" ."<CENTER>\n<ADDRESS>\n" ."By RUG-AIV, by Yves Carlier (<a href=mailto:Yves.Carlier\@rug.ac.be>Yves.Carlier\@rug.ac.be</a>)<BR>\n" ."Changes by Steve Harvey (<a href=mailto:sgh\@vex.net>sgh\@vex.net</a>)<BR>\n" ."This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.<BR>\n" ."</ADDRESS>\n</CENTER>\n" ."<HR>\n"; Print_Taskbar(); print "<HR>\n"; } return 1; } # ===================================== # sub Print_Footer: # print footer info # ===================================== sub Print_Footer { if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { #command-line mode print "\n" ."BUGs can be reported at https://jira.mariadb.org\n"; } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { #CGI-BIN mode if ($MySQLaccess::Param{'brief'}) { print "</table>\n"; #close table in brief-output } print "<HR>\n" ."<ADDRESS>\n" ."BUGs can be reported at <a href=\"https://jira.mariadb.org\">MariaDB JIRA</a><BR>\n" # ."Don't forget to mention the version $VERSION!<BR>\n" ."</ADDRESS>\n" ."</BODY>\n" ."</HTML>\n"; } return 1; } # ===================================== # sub Print_Taskbar: # print taskbar on STDOUT # ===================================== sub Print_Taskbar { print "<CENTER>\n" ."[<a href=$FORM?relnotes=on>Release Notes</a>] \n" ."[<a href=$FORM?version=on>Version</a>] \n" ."[<a href=$FORM?plan=on>Future Plans</a>] \n" ."[<a href=$FORM?howto=on>Examples</a>] \n" ."[<a href=$FORM?help=on>New check</a>] \n" ."[<a href=$FORM?edit=on>Change/edit ACL</a>] \n" ."</CENTER>\n"; return 1; } # ===================================== # sub Print_Form: # print CGI-form # ===================================== sub Print_Form { print <<EOForm; <center>  <FORM method=POST action=$FORM> <table border width="100%" > <tr> <th>MySQL server</th> <th>User information</th> <th>Reports</th> </tr> <tr> <td valign=top> <table> <tr> <td halign=right><b>Host</b><br><font size=-2>(Host on which MySQL-server resides.)</font></td> <td valign=top><INPUT name=rhost type=text size=15 maxlength=15 value="$MySQLaccess::Param{'rhost'}"></td> </tr> <tr> <td halign=right><b>Superuser</b><br><font size=-2>(User which has <font color="Red">read-access</font> to grant-tables.)</font></td> <td valign=top><INPUT name=superuser type=text size=15 maxlength=15 value="$MySQLaccess::Param{'superuser'}"></td> </tr> <tr> <td halign=right><b>Password</b><br><font size=-2>(of Superuser.)</font></td> <td valign=top><INPUT name=spassword type=password size=15 maxlength=15 value="$MySQLaccess::Param{'spassword'}"></td> </tr> </table> </td> <td valign=top> <table> <tr> <td halign=right><b><font color=Red>User</font></b><br><font size=-2>(Userid used to connect to MySQL-database.)</font></td> <td halign=top><INPUT name=user type=text size=15 maxlength=15 value="$MySQLaccess::Param{'user'}"></td> </tr> <tr> <td halign=right><b>Password</b><br><font size=-2>(Password user has to give to get access to MySQL-database.)</font></td> <td valign=top><INPUT name=password type=password size=15 maxlength=15 value="$MySQLaccess::Param{'password'}"></td> </tr> <tr> <td halign=right><b><font color=Red>Database</font></b><br><font size=-2>(Name of MySQL-database user tries to connect to.</font><br><font size=-2>Wildcards <font color="Green">(*,?,%,_)</font> are allowed.)</font></td> <td valign=top><INPUT name=db type=text size=15 maxlength=15 value="$MySQLaccess::Param{'db'}"></td> </tr> <tr> <td halign=right><b>Host</b><br><font size=-2>(Host from where the user is trying to connect to MySQL-database.</font><br><font size=-2>Wildcards <font color="Green">(*,?,%,_)</font> are allowed.)</font></td> <td valign=top><INPUT name=host type=text size=15 maxlength=15 value="$MySQLaccess::Param{'host'}"></td> </tr> </table> </td> <td valign=center> <table cellspacing=5 cellpadding=2 cols=1 height="100%"> <tr align=center> <td halign=right><INPUT type=submit name=brief value="Brief"><br> <INPUT type=submit name=table value="Tabular"></td> </tr> <tr align=center> <td></td> </tr> <tr align=center> <td halign=right><INPUT type=reset value="Clear"></td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> </form> </BODY> </HTML> EOForm return 1; } # ===================================== # sub Print_Usage: # print some information on STDOUT # ===================================== sub Print_Usage { Print_Error_Messages(); if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { #command-line mode Print_Options(); } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { #CGI-BIN mode Print_Form(); } return 1; } # ====================================== # sub Print_Version: # ====================================== sub Print_Version { if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { print $MySQLaccess::INFO; } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<PRE>\n"; print $MySQLaccess::INFO; print "</PRE>\n"; } return 1; } # ====================================== # sub Print_Relnotes: # ====================================== sub Print_Relnotes { if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { print $MySQLaccess::RELEASE; } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<PRE>\n"; print $MySQLaccess::RELEASE; print "</PRE>\n"; } return 1; } # ====================================== # sub Print_Plans: # ====================================== sub Print_Plans { if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { print $MySQLaccess::TODO; } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<PRE>\n"; print $MySQLaccess::TODO; print "</PRE>\n"; } return 1; } # ====================================== # sub Print_HowTo: # ====================================== sub Print_HowTo { if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { print $MySQLaccess::HOWTO; } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<PRE>\n"; print $MySQLaccess::HOWTO; print "</PRE>\n"; } return 1; } # ====================================== # sub Print_Options: # ====================================== sub Print_Options { if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<PRE>\n"; } print $MySQLaccess::OPTIONS; if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "</PRE>\n"; } return 1; } # ====================================== # sub Print_Error_Access: # ====================================== sub Print_Error_Access { my ($error) = @_; print "\n"; if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<font color=Red>\n<PRE>\n"; } print $MESSAGES{$error}; if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "</PRE>\n</font>\n"; } print "\n"; return 1; } # ====================================== # sub Print_Error_Messages: # ====================================== sub Print_Error_Messages { # my ($error) = @_; print "\n"; if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<font color=Red>\n<center>\n"; } foreach $error (@MySQLaccess::Grant::Error) { print $MESSAGES{$error}; print $MySQLaccess::CGI ? "<br>\n" : "\n"; } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "</center>\n</font>\n"; } print "\n"; return 1; } # ====================================== # sub Print_Message: # ====================================== sub Print_Message { my ($aref) = @_; my @messages = @{$aref}; print "\n"; if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<font color=DarkGreen>\n<center>\n"; } foreach $msg (@messages) { print $msg; print $MySQLaccess::CGI ? "<br>\n" : "\n"; } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "</center>\n</font>\n"; } print "\n"; return 1; } # ====================================== # sub Print_Edit: # ====================================== sub Print_Edit { print "\n"; if (!$MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "Note: Editing the temporary tables is NOT supported in CMD-line mode!\n"; return 0; } print "<CENTER>\n" ."<form action=$FORM method=GET>\n" ."<table width=90% border>\n" ."<tr>\n" ." <td><input type=checkbox name=copy value=on> Copy grant-rules to temporary tables<br></td>\n" ." <td rowspan=5 align=center valign=center><input type=submit value=Go></td>\n" ."</tr>\n" ."<tr>\n" ." <td> Edit temporary tables with external application:<br>" ." <a href=\"$MySQLaccess::MYSQLADMIN\">$MySQLaccess::MYSQLADMIN</a></td>\n" ."</tr>\n" ."<tr>\n" ." <td><input type=checkbox name=preview value=on> Preview changes made in temporary tables</td>\n" ."</tr>\n" ."<tr>\n" ." <td><input type=checkbox name=commit value=on> Make changes permanent</td>\n" ."</tr>\n" ."<tr>\n" ." <td><input type=checkbox name=rollback value=on> Restore previous grand-rules</td>\n" ."</tr>\n" ."<tr>\n" ." <td colspan=2 align=center><font size=-2 color=Red>You need write,delete and drop-privileges to perform the above actions</font></td>\n" ."</tr>\n" ."</table>\n" ."</form>\n" ."</CENTER>\n"; return 1; } # ====================================== # sub Print_Access_rights: # print the access-rights on STDOUT # ====================================== sub Print_Access_rights { my ($host,$user,$db,$refhash) = @_; if (defined($MySQLaccess::Param{'brief'})) { # if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<PRE>\n"; } Matrix_Report($host,$user,$db,$refhash); # if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "</PRE>\n"; } } else { Tabular_Report($host,$user,$db,$refhash); $MySQLaccess::Report::separator = $MySQLaccess::CGI ? "<hr>" : "-"x80; } return 1; } # ====================================== # sub Print_Diff_ACL: # print the diff. in the grants before and after # ====================================== sub Print_Diff_ACL { my ($aref) = @_; my @diffs = @{$aref}; my %block = ( '<' => 'Before', '>' => 'After', ); my %color = ( '<' => 'Green', '>' => 'Red', ); my $curblock = ''; # ----------------------------- # create column-headers foreach $field (@MySQLaccess::Grant::Privileges) { push(@headers,substr($field,0,4)); } if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { print "\n"; print "Differences in access-rights BEFORE and AFTER changes in grant-tables\n"; # print "---------------------------------------------------------------------\n"; my $line1=""; my $line2=""; $line1 .= sprintf("| %-30s|",'Host,User,DB'); $line2 .= sprintf("+-%-30s+",'-' x 30); foreach $header (@headers) { $line1 .= sprintf("%-4s|",$header); $line2 .= sprintf("%s+",'----'); } print "$line2\n"; print "$line1\n"; print "$line2\n"; $format = "format STDOUT = \n" . "^<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< " . " @|||" x 10 ."\n" . '$host_user_db,@priv' . "\n" . ".\n"; #print $format; eval $format; } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<table border width=100%>\n"; print "<tr>\n"; print "<th colspan=11>"; print "Differences in access-rights <font color=$color{'<'}>BEFORE</font> " ."and <font color=$color{'>'}>AFTER</font> changes to grant-tables</font>\n"; print "</th>"; print "</tr>\n"; print "<tr>\n"; $line1 .= sprintf("<th>%-20s</th>",'Host, User, DB'); foreach $header (@headers) { $line1 .= sprintf("<th>%-4s</th>",$header); } print "$line1</tr>\n"; } foreach $line (@diffs) { $type = substr($line,0,1); $line = substr($line,1); ($host,$user,$db,@priv) = split(/,/,$line); if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { if ($type ne $curblock) { $curblock = $type; print $block{$curblock},":\n"; } #print "$line\n"; write; } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { if ($type ne $curblock) { $curblock = $type; print "<tr><td><b>$block{$curblock}<b></td></tr>\n"; } $line1="<td><font color=$color{$type}>$host, $user, $db</font></td>"; foreach $field (@priv) { $line1 .= sprintf("<td align=center><font color=$color{$type}>%-4s</font></td>",$field); } print "<tr>$line1</tr>\n"; } } print "\n"; if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { print "---------------------------------------------------------------------\n"; } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "</table><br>"; } return 1; } # ====================================== # sub Tabular_Report # Tabular report, # suitable for 1 triple (host,db,user) # ====================================== sub Tabular_Report { my ($host,$user,$db,$a) = @_; my $column=2; # ----------------------------- # separator if ($MySQLaccess::Report::separator) { print "$MySQLaccess::Report::separator\n"; } # ----------------------------- # print table of access-rights my $rows = int(@MySQLaccess::Grant::Privileges/2); #round up my @table=(); $j=0; for $i (0 .. $rows-1) { $table[$j]=$MySQLaccess::Grant::Privileges[$i]; $j = $j+2; } $j=1; for $i ($rows .. $#MySQLaccess::Grant::Privileges) { $table[$j]=$MySQLaccess::Grant::Privileges[$i]; $j = $j+2; } if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { print "\n"; print "Access-rights\n"; print "for USER '$user', from HOST '$host', to DB '$db'\n"; } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<table border width=100%>\n"; print "<tr>\n"; } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<th colspan=5>"; print "<font color=Red>Access-rights</font>\n"; print "for USER '<font color=Green>$user</font>', from HOST '<font color=Green>$host</font>', to DB '<font color=Green>$db</font>'\n"; print "</th>"; print "</tr>\n"; print "<tr>\n"; } if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { print "\t+-----------------+---+\t+-----------------+---+"; } foreach $field (@table) { if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { if ($column==2) { print "\n\t"; $column=1;} else { print "\t"; $column=2;} printf "| %-15s | %s |",$field,$Answer{$a->{$field}}; } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { if ($column==2) { print "</tr>\n<tr>\n"; $column=1;} else { print "<td width=10%></td>"; $column=2;} printf " <td width=35%><b>%-15s</b></td><td width=10%>%s</td>\n",$field,$Answer{$a->{$field}}; } } print "\n"; if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { print "\t+-----------------+---+\t+-----------------+---+\n"; } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "</tr>\n</table><br>"; } # --------------- # print notes: foreach $note (@MySQLaccess::Grant::Notes) { my $message = $MESSAGES{$note}; $message =~ s/\$user/$user/g; $message =~ s/\$db/$db/g; $message =~ s/\$host/$host/g; $message =~ s/\$password/$password/g; $PREFIX='NOTE'; if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { my @lines = split(/\n/,$message); foreach $line (@lines) { print "$PREFIX:\t $line\n"; $PREFIX=' '; } } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<b>$PREFIX:</b> $message<br>\n"; } } # --------------- # print warnings: foreach $warning (@MySQLaccess::Grant::Warnings) { my $message = $MESSAGES{$warning}; $message =~ s/\$user/$user/g; $message =~ s/\$db/$db/g; $message =~ s/\$host/$host/g; $message =~ s/\$password/$password/g; $PREFIX='BEWARE'; if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { my @lines = split(/\n/,$message); foreach $line (@lines) { print "$PREFIX:\t $line\n"; $PREFIX=' '; } } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<b>$PREFIX:</b> $message<br>\n"; } } # --------------- # print errors: foreach $error (@MySQLaccess::Grant::Errors) { my $message = $MESSAGES{$error}; $message =~ s/\$user/$user/g; $message =~ s/\$db/$db/g; $message =~ s/\$host/$host/g; $message =~ s/\$password/$password/g; $PREFIX='ERROR'; if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { my @lines = split(/\n/,$message); foreach $line (@lines) { print "$PREFIX:\t $line\n"; $PREFIX=' '; } } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<b>$PREFIX:</b> $message<br>\n"; } } # --------------- # inform if there are no rules ==> full access for everyone. if ($MySQLaccess::Grant::full_access) { print "$MESSAGES{'full_access'}\n"; } # --------------- # print the rules used print "\n"; if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { print "The following rules are used:\n"; foreach $field (sort(keys(%MySQLaccess::Grant::Rules))) { my $rule = (defined($MESSAGES{$MySQLaccess::Grant::Rules{$field}}) ? $MESSAGES{$MySQLaccess::Grant::Rules{$field}} : $MySQLaccess::Grant::Rules{$field}); $rule =~ s/\t/','/g; printf " %-5s : '%s'\n",$field,$rule; } } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<br>\n"; print "<table border width=100%>\n"; print "<tr><th colspan=2>The following rules are used:</th></tr>\n"; foreach $field (sort(keys(%MySQLaccess::Grant::Rules))) { my $rule = (defined($MESSAGES{$MySQLaccess::Grant::Rules{$field}}) ? $MESSAGES{$MySQLaccess::Grant::Rules{$field}} : $MySQLaccess::Grant::Rules{$field}); $rule =~ s/\t/','/g; printf "<tr><th>%-5s</th><td>'%s'</td></tr>\n",$field,$rule; } print "</table>\n"; } return 1; } # ====================================== # sub Matrix_Report: # single-line output foreach triple, # no notes,warnings,... # ====================================== sub Matrix_Report { my ($host,$user,$db,$a) = @_; my @headers = (); if (! $headers) { # ----------------------------- # create column-headers foreach $field (@MySQLaccess::Grant::Privileges) { push(@headers,substr($field,0,4)); } # ----------------------------- # print column-headers print "\n"; if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { my $line1=""; my $line2=""; foreach $header (@headers) { $line1 .= sprintf("%-4s ",$header); $line2 .= sprintf("%s ",'----'); } $line1 .= sprintf("| %-20s",'Host,User,DB'); $line2 .= sprintf("+ %-20s",'-' x 20); print "$line1\n"; print "$line2\n"; } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<table width=100% border>\n"; my $line1="<tr>"; foreach $header (@headers) { $line1 .= sprintf("<th>%-4s</th>",$header); } $line1 .= sprintf("<th>%-20s</th>",'Host, User, DB'); print "$line1</tr>\n"; } # ---------------------------- # column-headers should only be # printed once. $MySQLaccess::Report::headers=1; } # ------------------------ # print access-information if ($MySQLaccess::CMD) { foreach $field (@MySQLaccess::Grant::Privileges) { printf " %-2s ",$Answer{$a->{$field}}; } printf "| %-20s",join(',',$host,$user,$db); print "\n"; } if ($MySQLaccess::CGI) { print "<tr>"; foreach $field (@MySQLaccess::Grant::Privileges) { printf "<td align=center>%-2s</td>",$Answer{$a->{$field}}; } printf "<td><b>%-20s</b></td>",join(', ',$host,$user,$db); print "</tr>\n"; } return 1; } # ====================================== # sub Raw_Report: # single-line output foreach triple, # no notes,warnings,... # ====================================== sub Raw_Report { my ($host,$user,$db,$a) = @_; my @headers = (); my $string = ""; # ------------------------ # print access-information $string = "$host,$user,$db,"; foreach $field (@MySQLaccess::Grant::Privileges) { $string .= $Answer{$a->{$field}} . ","; } return $string; } ####################################################################### package MySQLaccess::Wildcards; BEGIN { $DEBUG = 0; $DEBUG = $MySQLaccess::DEBUG unless ($DEBUG); } # ############################################ # SQL, WILDCARDS and REGULAR EXPRESSIONS # ============================================ # translage SQL-expressions to Reg-expressions # ============================================ sub SQL2Reg { my ($expr) = @_; my $expr_o = $expr; $expr =~ s/\./\\./g; $expr =~ s/\\%/\002/g; $expr =~ s/%/.*/g; $expr =~ s/\002/%/g; $expr =~ s/\\_/\002/g; $expr =~ s/_/.+/g; $expr =~ s/\002/_/g; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"$expr_o --> $expr"); return $expr; } # translage WILDcards to Reg-expressions # ============================================ sub Wild2Reg { my ($expr) = @_; my $expr_o = $expr; $expr =~ s/\./\\./g; $expr =~ s/\\\*/\002/g; $expr =~ s/\*/.*/g; $expr =~ s/\002/*/g; $expr =~ s/\\\?/\002/g; $expr =~ s/\?/.+/g; $expr =~ s/\002/?/g; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"$expr_o --> $expr"); return $expr; } # ============================================= # match a given string with a template # ============================================= sub MatchTemplate { my ($tpl,$string) = @_; my $match=0; if ($string=~ /^$tpl$/ or $tpl eq '') { $match=1; } else { $match=0;} MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"($tpl,$string) --> $match"); return $match; } ####################################################################### package MySQLaccess::Host; BEGIN { $localhost = undef; $DEBUG = 2; $DEBUG = $MySQLaccess::DEBUG unless ($DEBUG); } # ====================================== # sub IP2Name # return the Name with the corr. IP-nmbr # (no aliases yet!!) # ====================================== sub IP2Name { my ($ip) = @_; my $ip_o = $ip; if ($ip !~ /([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)/o) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3,"'$ip' is not an ip-number, returning IP=$ip"); return $ip; } MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(4,"IP=$ip split up => $1.$2.$3.$4"); $ip = pack "C4",$1,$2,$3,$4; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(4,"IP packed -> >>$ip<<\n"); my ($name,$aliases,$addrtype,$length,@addrs) = gethostbyaddr($ip, AF_INET); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3,"IP=$ip_o => hostname=$name"); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(4,"aliases=$aliases"); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(4,"addrtype=$addrtype - length=$length"); return ($name || $ip); #return ($name || undef); } # ====================================== # sub Name2IP # return the IP-number of the host # ====================================== sub Name2IP { my ($name) = @_; if ($name =~ /[%_]/) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3,"'$name' contains SQL-wildcards, returning name=$name"); return $name; } my ($_name,$aliases,$addrtype,$length,@addrs) = gethostbyname($name); my ($a,$b,$c,$d) = unpack('C4',$addrs[0]); my $ip = "$a.$b.$c.$d"; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3,"hostname=$name => IP=$ip"); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(4,"aliases=$aliases"); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(4,"addrtype=$addrtype - length=$length"); #if ($ip ne "") { return "$ip"; } #else { return undef; } return ($ip || $name); } # ======================================== # sub LocalHost # some special action has to be taken for # the localhost # ======================================== sub LocalHost { if (!defined($MySQLaccess::Host::localhost)) { $MySQLaccess::Host::localhost = Sys::Hostname::hostname(); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3,"Setting package variable \$localhost=$MySQLaccess::Host::localhost"); } my $host = $localhost; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3,"localhost = $host"); return $host; } # ======================================== # check if the given hostname (or ip) # corresponds with the localhost # ======================================== sub Is_localhost { my ($host_tpl) = @_; my $isit = 0; if (($MySQLaccess::host_name eq $localhost) or ($MySQLaccess::host_ip eq $local_ip)) { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2,"Checking for localhost"); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3,"because ($MySQLaccess::host_name EQ $localhost) AND ($MySQLaccess::host_ip EQ $local_ip)"); $isit = ( 'localhost' =~ /$host_tpl/ ) ? 1 : 0; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(3," 'localhost' =?= $host_tpl -> $isit"); return $isit; } else { MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(4,"Not checking for localhost"); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(4,"because ($MySQLaccess::host_name != $localhost) AND ($MySQLaccess::host_ip != $local_ip)"); return 0; } } # ========================================= # check if host (IP or name) can be matched # on the template. # ========================================= sub MatchTemplate { my ($host,$tpl) = @_; my $match = 0; MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(1, "($host) =?= ($tpl)"); my $host_name = IP2Name($host); my $host_ip = Name2IP($host); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "name=$host_name ; ip=$host_ip"); $match = (MySQLaccess::Wildcards::MatchTemplate($tpl,$host_name) or MySQLaccess::Wildcards::MatchTemplate($tpl,$host_ip)); MySQLaccess::Debug::Print(2, "($host_name,$host_ip) =?= ($tpl): $ncount"); return $match; } ######################################################################## package MySQLaccess::Debug; BEGIN { my $dbg_file = "$MySQLaccess::script_log"; open(DEBUG,"> $dbg_file") or warn "Could not open outputfile $dbg_file for debugging-info\n"; select DEBUG; $| = 1; select STDOUT; } # ========================================= # Print debugging information on STDERR # ========================================= sub Print { my ($level,$mesg) = @_; my ($pack,$file,$line,$subname,$hasargs,$wantarray) = caller(1); my ($PACK) = split('::',$subname); my $DEBUG = ${$PACK."::DEBUG"} ? ${$PACK."::DEBUG"} : $MySQLaccess::DEBUG ; my ($sec,$min,$hour) = localtime(); print DEBUG "[$hour:$min:$sec $subname] $mesg\n" if ($DEBUG>=$level); }

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Generate complex algorithms simply by using natural language to explain what you are after, we will take care rest for you. Write code like Pro in Python, Flutter, PHP, JavaScript, Ruby and other programming languages.

Think. Generate. Use.

Think Big, Task Easy

Customers Using Incus Have Experienced:

90%

Time Reduced In Task

Increase In Visibility

60%

Increase In Revenue

Select a Task

Choose from a variety of writing skills trained on industry best-practices

Create ads much faster and be more creative

Clickbait Titles

Create a creative clickbait titles for your products

Pro

Ad Headlines

Write an attention grabbing ad headlines

Blog Posts

Content for the generating articles, blog post

Blog Titles

Nobody wants to read boring blog titles, generate catchy blog titles with this tool

Blog Section

Write a full blog section (few paragraphs) about a subheading of your article

Blog Ideas

The perfect tool to start writing great articles. Generate creative ideas for your next post

Blog Intros

Write an intro that will entice your visitors to read more about your article

Blog Conclusion

End your blog articles with an engaging conclusion paragraph

Tools for writing creatives for different moods and tasks

Article Generator

Turn a title and outline text into a fully complete high quality article within seconds

Content Rewriter

Take a piece of content and rewrite it to make it more interesting, creative, and engaging

Paragraph Generator

Generate paragraphs about any topic including a keyword and in a specific tone of voice

Talking Points

Write short, simple and informative points for the subheadings of your article

Pros & Cons

Write the pros and cons of a product, service or website for your blog article

Summarize Text

Summarize any text in a short and easy to understand concise way

Product Description

Write the description about your product and why it worth it

Startup Name Generator

Generate cool, creative, and catchy names for your startup in seconds

Product Name Generator

Create creative product names from examples words

Academic Essay

Create creative academic essays for various subjects just in a second

Creative Stories

Allow AI to generate creative stories for you based on input text

Grammar Checker

Make sure that there are no errors in your content

Summarize for 2nd Grader

Summarize any complex content for a 2nd grader child

Text Extender

Extend your sentences with more description and additional information

Rewrite with Keywords

Rewrite your existing content with including specific keywords

Business Ideas

Generate business ideas based on your keywords and description

Tone Changer

Change the tone of your writing to match your audience

Dictionary

Use a dictionary to find all details of your word

Privacy Policy

Develop a privacy policy information for your organization

Terms and Conditions

Develop a terms and conditions information for your organization

Ecommerce

Powerful tools for e-commerce, listings of your products

Amazon Product Description

Create attention grabbing amazon product description

Product Benefits

List out product benefits via help of AI solution

Selling Product Titles

Find out selling product titles for your product description

Product Comparisons

Create a comprehensive comparison of two products between each other

Product Characteristics

Write a full product characteristics

Amazon Product Features

Advantages and features of your products that will make them irresistable for shoppers

Emails

Creative templates for email creation

Welcome Email

Create welcome emails for your customers

Cold Email

Create professional cold emails with the help of AI

Follow-Up Email

Create professional email follow up with just few clicks

Email Subject Lines

Create professional email subject lines

Frameworks

The best marketing copywriting tools

Problem-Agitate-Solution (PAS) Framework

Generate one of most effective copywriting formula for your business

Attention-Interest-Desire-Action (AIDA) Framework

AIDA model will help you ensure that any kind of writing, is as effective as possible

Before–After–Bridge (BAB) Framework

Conversion-oriented formula designed to make a particular offer more appealing

Promise–Picture–Proof–Push (PPPP) Framework

Use 4P formula to craft persuasive content that moves readers to action

Marketing

Professional PR tools for brand and business

Company Press Release

Write a company press release with the help of AI

Brand/Product Press Release

Write a brand or product press release with the help of AI

Brand Names

Generate unique brand names with the help of AI

Social Media

Flash tools for social media content

Facebook Ads

Write Facebook ads that engage your audience and deliver a high conversion rate

Instagram Captions

Grab attention with catchy captions for your Instagram posts

Instagram Hashtags Generator

Find the best hashtags to use for your Instagram posts

Social Media Post (Personal)

Write a social media post for yourself to be published on any platform

Social Media Post (Business)

Write a post for your business to be published on any social media platform

Facebook Headlines

Write catchy and convincing headlines to make your Facebook Ads stand out

Google Ads Headlines

Write catchy 30-character headlines to promote your product with Google Ads

Google Ads Description

Write a Google Ads description that makes your ad stand out and generates leads

LinkedIn Posts

Create an interesting linkedin post with the help of AI

Twitter Tweets

Generate an interesting twitter tweets with AI

LinkedIn Ad Headlines

Attention-grabbing, click-inducing and high-converting ad headlines for LinkedIn

LinkedIn Ad Descriptions

Professional and eye-catching ad descriptions that will make your product shine

Video

Video creation tools from idea to script for millions of views

Video Descriptions

Write compelling YouTube descriptions to get people interested in your video

Video Titles

Write a compelling YouTube video title to catch everyones attention

Youtube Tags Generator

Generate SEO-optimized YouTube tags / keywords for your video

Video Scripts

Quickly create scripts for your videos and start shooting

TitTok Video Scripts

Video scripts that are ready to shoot and will make you go viral

Websites

Useful contents for websites

Meta Description

Write SEO-optimized meta description based on a description

FAQs

Generate frequently asked questions based on your product description

FAQ Answers

Generate creative answers to questions (FAQs) about your business or website

Testimonials / Reviews

Add social proof to your website by generating user testimonials

Company Bio

Write a comprehensive company bio based on your inputs

Newsletter Generator

Generate a newsletter based on the provided information

Other

Rest of the user tools that you can use

Song Lyrics

Generate a song lyrics based on your description and keywords

App and SMS Notifications

Notification messages for your apps, websites and mobile devices that grabs users attention

Clickbait Titles

Create a creative clickbait titles for your products

Pro

Ad Headlines

Write an attention grabbing ad headlines

Blog Titles

Nobody wants to read boring blog titles, generate catchy blog titles with this tool

Blog Section

Write a full blog section (few paragraphs) about a subheading of your article

Blog Ideas

The perfect tool to start writing great articles. Generate creative ideas for your next post

Blog Intros

Write an intro that will entice your visitors to read more about your article

Blog Conclusion

End your blog articles with an engaging conclusion paragraph

Article Generator

Turn a title and outline text into a fully complete high quality article within seconds

Content Rewriter

Take a piece of content and rewrite it to make it more interesting, creative, and engaging

Paragraph Generator

Generate paragraphs about any topic including a keyword and in a specific tone of voice

Talking Points

Write short, simple and informative points for the subheadings of your article

Pros & Cons

Write the pros and cons of a product, service or website for your blog article

Summarize Text

Summarize any text in a short and easy to understand concise way

Product Description

Write the description about your product and why it worth it

Startup Name Generator

Generate cool, creative, and catchy names for your startup in seconds

Product Name Generator

Create creative product names from examples words

Academic Essay

Create creative academic essays for various subjects just in a second

Creative Stories

Allow AI to generate creative stories for you based on input text

Grammar Checker

Make sure that there are no errors in your content

Summarize for 2nd Grader

Summarize any complex content for a 2nd grader child

Text Extender

Extend your sentences with more description and additional information

Rewrite with Keywords

Rewrite your existing content with including specific keywords

Business Ideas

Generate business ideas based on your keywords and description

Tone Changer

Change the tone of your writing to match your audience

Dictionary

Use a dictionary to find all details of your word

Privacy Policy

Develop a privacy policy information for your organization

Terms and Conditions

Develop a terms and conditions information for your organization

Amazon Product Description

Create attention grabbing amazon product description

Product Benefits

List out product benefits via help of AI solution

Selling Product Titles

Find out selling product titles for your product description

Product Comparisons

Create a comprehensive comparison of two products between each other

Product Characteristics

Write a full product characteristics

Amazon Product Features

Advantages and features of your products that will make them irresistable for shoppers

Welcome Email

Create welcome emails for your customers

Cold Email

Create professional cold emails with the help of AI

Follow-Up Email

Create professional email follow up with just few clicks

Email Subject Lines

Create professional email subject lines

Problem-Agitate-Solution (PAS) Framework

Generate one of most effective copywriting formula for your business

Attention-Interest-Desire-Action (AIDA) Framework

AIDA model will help you ensure that any kind of writing, is as effective as possible

Before–After–Bridge (BAB) Framework

Conversion-oriented formula designed to make a particular offer more appealing

Promise–Picture–Proof–Push (PPPP) Framework

Use 4P formula to craft persuasive content that moves readers to action

Company Press Release

Write a company press release with the help of AI

Brand/Product Press Release

Write a brand or product press release with the help of AI

Brand Names

Generate unique brand names with the help of AI

Song Lyrics

Generate a song lyrics based on your description and keywords

App and SMS Notifications

Notification messages for your apps, websites and mobile devices that grabs users attention

Video Descriptions

Write compelling YouTube descriptions to get people interested in your video

Video Titles

Write a compelling YouTube video title to catch everyones attention

Youtube Tags Generator

Generate SEO-optimized YouTube tags / keywords for your video

Video Scripts

Quickly create scripts for your videos and start shooting

TitTok Video Scripts

Video scripts that are ready to shoot and will make you go viral

Meta Description

Write SEO-optimized meta description based on a description

FAQs

Generate frequently asked questions based on your product description

FAQ Answers

Generate creative answers to questions (FAQs) about your business or website

Testimonials / Reviews

Add social proof to your website by generating user testimonials

Company Bio

Write a comprehensive company bio based on your inputs

Newsletter Generator

Generate a newsletter based on the provided information

Show More Show Less

Our Pricing

Simple Pricing, Unbeatable Value

Subscribe to your preferred Subscription Plan or Top Up your credits and get started

Standard

$9.99 / per month

Subscribe Now

Included Features

50000 words / month
25 images / month
60 minutes / month
5000 characters / month
AI Chats Feature
AI Images Feature
AI Voiceover Feature
AI Speech to Text Feature
AI Code Feature
50% Affiliate program

Be one of our Happy Customers

Adam G

USA

Great AI tool to use for academic essay writing and summarising texts!

Josh P

Absolutely blown away with the quality of the writing that the AI provides and all the different features, one of the best i've used by far.

Laura S

Using this for university and its made my life so much easier!

Tom W

Really impressed with everything thats offered by the price!

Sarah

Used this when I had a writers block and wow! one of the best features is being able to change the writing tone and style of each text.

Peter Scott

An absolute dream for an assignment that I had due. I was skeptical at first, but after seeing my grades go up I use wordfairy for all of my coursework.

John Cross

Woohoo! Word Fairy AI just sprinkled some serious writing magic in my life! It's like having a personal writing assistant that never sleeps.

Tim

I'm not exaggerating when I say Word Fairy AI is the Dumbledore of writing tools. It's like having a magical professor guiding me through the writing process. I was skeptical at first—it's AI after all, right? But boy, was I proven wrong!

Kira Brown

Finally met my writing soulmate! Word Fairy AI has become my brainstorm buddy, my grammar guru, and my secret weapon in the writing world. Its artificial intelligence beams with brilliance, offering word choices I'd never even think of!

Rob

Writing just got a major upgrade, thanks to Word Fairy AI! It's like having a pocket-sized Shakespeare with impeccable grammar skills! This clever tool turns my writing foes into friends, fixing those sneaky typos and suggesting ways to improve clarity.

Bill

Word Fairy AI is a total game-changer! It's like having a writing superhero by my side, guiding me through every paragraph. It spins my ideas into engaging content effortlessly.

Carol K

Wow, Word Fairy AI has turned me into a wordsmith extraordinaire! I used to struggle with writer's block, but with this incredible writing tool, ideas flow like a river.

Rafique

Prepare to be mind-blown by Word Fairy AI! This brilliant tool is my secret weapon in the battle against dull content. It sprinkles captivating phrases and catchy headlines all over my writing. Breath-taking AI-powered magic at its best.

Bella

Wowza! Word Fairy AI is the writing genie I never knew I needed! With just a few clicks, it conjures up impeccable sentences and helps structure my thoughts flawlessly. Writing, editing, and proofreading have become a breeze.

Antonio

This brilliant tool sprinkles dazzling vocabulary and grammar skills into your work, making it shine like a supernova. No more worrying about errors or boring content.

Jenny

This baby corrects my clumsy wording, suggests better sentence structures, and even helps me find the perfect synonyms to spice things up. Seriously, if you've ever struggled with writing, let the Word Fairy AI work its magic for you!"

Iris

t's like having a personal coach, pushing me towards better writing. Whether I'm composing a professional email or a creative masterpiece, this tool sprinkles linguistic fairy dust on every word. If you're tired of mediocre writing, make Word Fairy AI your new BFF!

Chen

My productivity and creativity have hit the stratosphere thanks to this incredible AI. Prepare yourself for word wizardry!

Sumaya

Seriously, where has this little AI genius been all my life? Writing projects have become a breeze, and my work is so much more polished now. Word Fairy AI, you've earned your wings in my heart!

Ellie

Thanks to this genius AI, my writing has soared to new heights! I can't wait to see what magical stories we'll create together next!

Adam G

USA

Great AI tool to use for academic essay writing and summarising texts!

Josh P

Absolutely blown away with the quality of the writing that the AI provides and all the different features, one of the best i've used by far.

Laura S

Using this for university and its made my life so much easier!

Tom W

Really impressed with everything thats offered by the price!

Sarah

Used this when I had a writers block and wow! one of the best features is being able to change the writing tone and style of each text.

Peter Scott

An absolute dream for an assignment that I had due. I was skeptical at first, but after seeing my grades go up I use wordfairy for all of my coursework.

John Cross

Woohoo! Word Fairy AI just sprinkled some serious writing magic in my life! It's like having a personal writing assistant that never sleeps.

Tim

Kira Brown

Rob

Bill

Word Fairy AI is a total game-changer! It's like having a writing superhero by my side, guiding me through every paragraph. It spins my ideas into engaging content effortlessly.

Carol K

Wow, Word Fairy AI has turned me into a wordsmith extraordinaire! I used to struggle with writer's block, but with this incredible writing tool, ideas flow like a river.

Rafique

Bella

Antonio

This brilliant tool sprinkles dazzling vocabulary and grammar skills into your work, making it shine like a supernova. No more worrying about errors or boring content.

Jenny

Iris

Chen

My productivity and creativity have hit the stratosphere thanks to this incredible AI. Prepare yourself for word wizardry!

Sumaya

Seriously, where has this little AI genius been all my life? Writing projects have become a breeze, and my work is so much more polished now. Word Fairy AI, you've earned your wings in my heart!

Ellie

Thanks to this genius AI, my writing has soared to new heights! I can't wait to see what magical stories we'll create together next!

Frequently Asked Questions

Got Questions? We have you covered

We are always here to provide full support and clear any doubts that you might have

What Is WordFairy AI?

Word Fairy AI is an advanced artificial intelligence writing tool designed to assist writers in creating high-quality and engaging content. Equipped with state-of-the-art algorithms, this innovative tool offers unparalleled writing guidance and support.

With Word Fairy AI, users can expect an intelligent and efficient writing partner that can generate ideas, provide grammar and spelling suggestions, and help structure essays, articles, or any written work. By leveraging the power of AI, this tool harnesses vast amounts of data and knowledge to deliver accurate and contextually relevant recommendations, saving writers valuable time and effort.

Gone are the days of struggling with writer's block or spending hours on end trying to perfect a sentence or paragraph. Word Fairy AI acts as a virtual mentor, offering creative inspiration and guiding users with well-crafted suggestions tailored to their specific writing needs. Whether you're an aspiring writer, a student, or a seasoned professional, this writing tool is your ultimate companion in the journey of crafting impeccable content.

Does Wordfairy AI Offer A Free Trial?

Absolutely! Word Fairy AI offers a free sign up and trail of 1000 words for you to see all of our different features and test out our custom AI software. We're certain that you will be blown away with how advanced and customised our software is.

What Is The Word Fairy AI Referral Scheme

Do you know anyone who can benefit from Word Fairy AI? Refer a friend and we will give you 50% of the value of the first month of their subscription in the form of a digital amazon voucher. Get in touch with us at admin@wordfairy.ai for more details!

How Does Word Fairy AI Work?

Equipped with cutting-edge algorithms, Word Fairy AI assists users in generating engaging and persuasive content across various genres and formats. From blog posts and marketing copy to academic papers and creative writing, this tool adapts to the specific writing style and requirements of each user, providing invaluable suggestions to enhance coherence, clarity, and overall impact.

What sets Word Fairy AI apart is its ability to learn and adapt to individual preferences and writing goals. As users interact with the tool, it gradually tailors its suggestions based on their writing patterns and preferences. This personalized approach ensures that each user receives the most relevant and helpful recommendations throughout their writing journey.

By leveraging the vast knowledge and deep understanding of language encoded within its algorithms, Word Fairy AI enables writers to express their ideas with precision and eloquence. From grammar and spelling corrections to insightful vocabulary suggestions, this tool acts as a virtual writing tutor, providing continuous feedback and support to help users reach their full potential.

How Are Texts Generated For The Same Answer Different?

What sets Word Fairy AI apart is its ability to analyze the context and purpose of the writing, generating tailored suggestions that resonate with the intended audience. By considering factors such as genre, tone, and target audience, this tool guides users toward crafting content that captivates and engages readers, making every written piece a masterpiece.

Furthermore, Word Fairy AI acts as a platform for continuous growth and improvement. By analyzing the writing patterns and preferences of each user, this tool learns and adapts, delivering increasingly accurate and contextually relevant suggestions as users interact with it more frequently. This personalized approach guarantees that each individual's unique style and voice shine through, fostering a sense of authenticity in every written work.

With its vast knowledge database and intricate understanding of language nuances, Word Fairy AI offers comprehensive writing support at users' fingertips. From instantaneous grammar checks to insightful vocabulary suggestions, this tool inspires users to push the boundaries of their writing abilities and enables them to create compelling and impactful content that resonates with their intended audience.

This means that even if the same question for the same topic is asked 100 times, there will be 100 unique and completely different answers with no similarities.

How Is Word Fairy AI Different From Chat GPT?

Word Fairy AI is distinct from Chat GPT in terms of its primary function and purpose. While Chat GPT is mainly designed to engage in conversational interactions and provide responses like a chatbot, Word Fairy AI focuses predominantly on enhancing the writing capabilities of its users. With a range of advanced language models and text generation algorithms, Word Fairy AI aims to assist individuals in crafting high-quality written content for various purposes, such as articles, reports, blog posts, or creative writing. By leveraging it's powerful AI technology, Word Fairy AI can provide users with intelligent suggestions, grammar corrections, and insightful recommendations to refine their writing skills and create compelling textual compositions.

Can I Use Word Fairy For My University Assignments?

Yes, you can definitely use Word Fairy for your university assignments. Word Fairy AI is an advanced artificial intelligence writing tool designed to assist users in creating well-written and professional documents. Its powerful features, such as grammar and spell-check, suggest improvements, and content enhancement, make it an ideal tool for academic writing.

Word Fairy AI ensures that your assignments are free from grammatical errors, typos, and awkward phrasing. This tool not only helps you proofread your work but also offers suggestions for improving sentence structure, vocabulary usage, and overall coherence. It acts as a virtual writing assistant, providing valuable feedback to enhance the quality of your assignments.

Moreover, Word Fairy AI saves you time and effort by automating tedious tasks such as citations and bibliography formatting. With its comprehensive database of citation styles, including APA, MLA, and Chicago, you can be confident that your references are accurately formatted. This allows you to focus more on the content of your assignments, ensuring it meets the high academic standards set by your university.

It is important to note that while Word Fairy AI assists and streamlines the writing process, it is still your responsibility as a student to ensure the integrity of your work. The tool's primary purpose is to enhance your writing skills and provide suggestions, but ultimately, you must ensure that the content and ideas presented in your assignments are original and properly cited.

In summary, Word Fairy AI is an invaluable tool for your university assignments. It provides a range of features designed to improve your writing, enhance the quality of your work, and save you time. By using Word Fairy AI, you can confidently submit well-written and professional assignments that meet the academic standards of your university.

I Still Have Questions

No Problem at all! Please feel free to get in touch with us at admin@wordfairy.ai and we would be more than happy to help

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Meet Wordfairy,

Your Ultimate AI Creator

AI Content Writing AI Chat Assistant AI Content Rewriting And Many More

The Ultimate Power of AI

AI Chat Bots

Creative Virtual AI Assistants

AI Content Generation

Create amazing content 10X faster

AI Image Creation

Use AI to create any art or image

AI Voiceover Synthesize

Make studio-quality voiceovers in minutes

AI Speech to Text Transcribe

Transcribe accurately your audio

AI Code Generation

Write code like a Pro

Think Big, Task Easy

Time Reduced In Task

Increase In Visibility

Increase In Revenue

Select a Task

Ads

Create ads much faster and be more creative

Clickbait Titles

Ad Headlines

Blog Posts

Content for the generating articles, blog post

Blog Titles

Blog Section

Blog Ideas

Blog Intros

Blog Conclusion

Contents

Tools for writing creatives for different moods and tasks

Article Generator

Content Rewriter

Paragraph Generator

Talking Points

Pros & Cons

Summarize Text

Product Description

Startup Name Generator

Product Name Generator

Academic Essay

Creative Stories

Grammar Checker

Summarize for 2nd Grader

Text Extender

Rewrite with Keywords

Business Ideas

Tone Changer

Dictionary

Privacy Policy

Terms and Conditions

Ecommerce

Powerful tools for e-commerce, listings of your products

Amazon Product Description

Product Benefits

Selling Product Titles

Product Comparisons

Product Characteristics

Amazon Product Features

Emails

Creative templates for email creation

Welcome Email

Cold Email

Follow-Up Email

Email Subject Lines

Frameworks

The best marketing copywriting tools

Problem-Agitate-Solution (PAS) Framework

Attention-Interest-Desire-Action (AIDA) Framework

Before–After–Bridge (BAB) Framework

Promise–Picture–Proof–Push (PPPP) Framework

Marketing

Professional PR tools for brand and business

Company Press Release

Brand/Product Press Release